/*
 * ataprint.cpp
 *
 * Home page of code is: https://www.smartmontools.org
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2002-11 Bruce Allen
 * Copyright (C) 2008-21 Christian Franke
 * Copyright (C) 1999-2000 Michael Cornwell <cornwell@acm.org>
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 */

#include "config.h"
#define __STDC_FORMAT_MACROS 1 // enable PRI* for C++

#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#include "atacmdnames.h"
#include "atacmds.h"
#include "ataidentify.h"
#include "dev_interface.h"
#include "ataprint.h"
#include "smartctl.h"
#include "sg_unaligned.h"
#include "utility.h"
#include "knowndrives.h"

const char *ataprint_cpp_cvsid = "$Id: ataprint.cpp 5336 2022-02-26 18:30:35Z dpgilbert $" ATAPRINT_H_CVSID;

static const char *infofound(const char *output)
{
  return (*output ? output : "[No Information Found]");
}

// Return true if '-T permissive' is specified,
// used to ignore missing capabilities
static bool is_permissive()
{
  if (!failuretest_permissive)
    return false;
  failuretest_permissive--;
  return true;
}

/* For the given Command Register (CR) and Features Register (FR), attempts
 * to construct a string that describes the contents of the Status
 * Register (ST) and Error Register (ER).  If the meanings of the flags of
 * the error register are not known for the given command then it returns an
 * empty string.
 *
 * The meanings of the flags of the error register for all commands are
 * described in the ATA spec and could all be supported here in theory.
 * Currently, only a few commands are supported (those that have been seen
 * to produce errors).  If many more are to be added then this function
 * should probably be redesigned.
 */

static std::string format_st_er_desc(
    unsigned char CR, unsigned char FR,
    unsigned char ST, unsigned char ER,
    unsigned short SC,
    const ata_smart_errorlog_error_struct *lba28_regs,
    const ata_smart_exterrlog_error *lba48_regs)
{
  const char *error_flag[8];
  int i, print_lba = 0, print_sector = 0;

  // Set of character strings corresponding to different error codes.
  // Please keep in alphabetic order if you add more.
  const char *abrt = "ABRT";   // ABORTED
  const char *amnf = "AMNF";   // ADDRESS MARK NOT FOUND
  const char *ccto = "CCTO";   // COMMAND COMPLETION TIMED OUT
  const char *eom = "EOM";     // END OF MEDIA
  const char *icrc = "ICRC";   // INTERFACE CRC ERROR
  const char *idnf = "IDNF";   // ID NOT FOUND
  const char *ili = "ILI";     // MEANING OF THIS BIT IS COMMAND-SET SPECIFIC
  const char *mc = "MC";       // MEDIA CHANGED
  const char *mcr = "MCR";     // MEDIA CHANGE REQUEST
  const char *nm = "NM";       // NO MEDIA
  const char *obs = "obs";     // OBSOLETE
  const char *tk0nf = "TK0NF"; // TRACK 0 NOT FOUND
  const char *unc = "UNC";     // UNCORRECTABLE
  const char *wp = "WP";       // WRITE PROTECTED

  /* If for any command the Device Fault flag of the status register is
   * not used then used_device_fault should be set to 0 (in the CR switch
   * below)
   */
  int uses_device_fault = 1;

  /* A value of NULL means that the error flag isn't used */
  for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
    error_flag[i] = NULL;

  std::string str;

  switch (CR)
  {
  case 0x10: // RECALIBRATE
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[1] = tk0nf;
    break;
  case 0x20: /* READ SECTOR(S) */
  case 0x21: // READ SECTOR(S)
  case 0x24: // READ SECTOR(S) EXT
  case 0xC4: /* READ MULTIPLE */
  case 0x29: // READ MULTIPLE EXT
    error_flag[6] = unc;
    error_flag[5] = mc;
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[3] = mcr;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[1] = nm;
    error_flag[0] = amnf;
    print_lba = 1;
    break;
  case 0x22: // READ LONG (with retries)
  case 0x23: // READ LONG (without retries)
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[0] = amnf;
    print_lba = 1;
    break;
  case 0x2a: // READ STREAM DMA
  case 0x2b: // READ STREAM PIO
    if (CR == 0x2a)
      error_flag[7] = icrc;
    error_flag[6] = unc;
    error_flag[5] = mc;
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[3] = mcr;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[1] = nm;
    error_flag[0] = ccto;
    print_lba = 1;
    print_sector = SC;
    break;
  case 0x3A: // WRITE STREAM DMA
  case 0x3B: // WRITE STREAM PIO
    if (CR == 0x3A)
      error_flag[7] = icrc;
    error_flag[6] = wp;
    error_flag[5] = mc;
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[3] = mcr;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[1] = nm;
    error_flag[0] = ccto;
    print_lba = 1;
    print_sector = SC;
    break;
  case 0x25: // READ DMA EXT
  case 0x26: // READ DMA QUEUED EXT
  case 0xC7: // READ DMA QUEUED
  case 0xC8: // READ DMA (with retries)
  case 0xC9: // READ DMA (without retries, obsolete since ATA-5)
  case 0x60: // READ FPDMA QUEUED (NCQ)
    error_flag[7] = icrc;
    error_flag[6] = unc;
    error_flag[5] = mc;
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[3] = mcr;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[1] = nm;
    error_flag[0] = amnf;
    print_lba = 1;
    if (CR == 0x25 || CR == 0xC8)
      print_sector = SC;
    break;
  case 0x30: /* WRITE SECTOR(S) */
  case 0x31: // WRITE SECTOR(S)
  case 0x34: // WRITE SECTOR(S) EXT
  case 0xC5: /* WRITE MULTIPLE */
  case 0x39: // WRITE MULTIPLE EXT
  case 0xCE: // WRITE MULTIPLE FUA EXT
    error_flag[6] = wp;
    error_flag[5] = mc;
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[3] = mcr;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[1] = nm;
    print_lba = 1;
    break;
  case 0x32: // WRITE LONG (with retries)
  case 0x33: // WRITE LONG (without retries)
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    print_lba = 1;
    break;
  case 0x3C: // WRITE VERIFY
    error_flag[6] = unc;
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[0] = amnf;
    print_lba = 1;
    break;
  case 0x40: // READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) with retries
  case 0x41: // READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) without retries
  case 0x42: // READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
    error_flag[6] = unc;
    error_flag[5] = mc;
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[3] = mcr;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[1] = nm;
    error_flag[0] = amnf;
    print_lba = 1;
    break;
  case 0xA0: /* PACKET */
    /* Bits 4-7 are all used for sense key (a 'command packet set specific error
     * indication' according to the ATA/ATAPI-7 standard), so "Sense key" will
     * be repeated in the error description string if more than one of those
     * bits is set.
     */
    error_flag[7] = "Sense key (bit 3)",
    error_flag[6] = "Sense key (bit 2)",
    error_flag[5] = "Sense key (bit 1)",
    error_flag[4] = "Sense key (bit 0)",
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[1] = eom;
    error_flag[0] = ili;
    break;
  case 0xA1: /* IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE */
  case 0xEF: /* SET FEATURES */
  case 0x00: /* NOP */
  case 0xC6: /* SET MULTIPLE MODE */
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    break;
  case 0x2F: // READ LOG EXT
    error_flag[6] = unc;
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[0] = obs;
    break;
  case 0x3F: // WRITE LOG EXT
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[0] = obs;
    break;
  case 0xB0: /* SMART */
    switch (FR)
    {
    case 0xD0: // SMART READ DATA
    case 0xD1: // SMART READ ATTRIBUTE THRESHOLDS
    case 0xD5: /* SMART READ LOG */
      error_flag[6] = unc;
      error_flag[4] = idnf;
      error_flag[2] = abrt;
      error_flag[0] = obs;
      break;
    case 0xD6: /* SMART WRITE LOG */
      error_flag[4] = idnf;
      error_flag[2] = abrt;
      error_flag[0] = obs;
      break;
    case 0xD2: // Enable/Disable Attribute Autosave
    case 0xD3: // SMART SAVE ATTRIBUTE VALUES (ATA-3)
    case 0xD8: // SMART ENABLE OPERATIONS
    case 0xD9: /* SMART DISABLE OPERATIONS */
    case 0xDA: /* SMART RETURN STATUS */
    case 0xDB: // Enable/Disable Auto Offline (SFF)
      error_flag[2] = abrt;
      break;
    case 0xD4: // SMART EXECUTE IMMEDIATE OFFLINE
      error_flag[4] = idnf;
      error_flag[2] = abrt;
      break;
    default:
      return str; // ""
      break;
    }
    break;
  case 0xB1: /* DEVICE CONFIGURATION */
    switch (FR)
    {
    case 0xC0: /* DEVICE CONFIGURATION RESTORE */
      error_flag[2] = abrt;
      break;
    default:
      return str; // ""
      break;
    }
    break;
  case 0xCA: // WRITE DMA (with retries)
  case 0xCB: // WRITE DMA (without retries, obsolete since ATA-5)
  case 0x35: // WRITE DMA EXT
  case 0x3D: // WRITE DMA FUA EXT
  case 0xCC: // WRITE DMA QUEUED
  case 0x36: // WRITE DMA QUEUED EXT
  case 0x3E: // WRITE DMA QUEUED FUA EXT
  case 0x61: // WRITE FPDMA QUEUED (NCQ)
    error_flag[7] = icrc;
    error_flag[6] = wp;
    error_flag[5] = mc;
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[3] = mcr;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[1] = nm;
    error_flag[0] = amnf;
    print_lba = 1;
    if (CR == 0x35)
      print_sector = SC;
    break;
  case 0xE4: // READ BUFFER
  case 0xE8: // WRITE BUFFER
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    break;
  default:
    return str; // ""
  }

  /* We ignore any status flags other than Device Fault and Error */

  if (uses_device_fault && (ST & (1 << 5)))
  {
    str = "Device Fault";
    if (ST & 1) // Error flag
      str += "; ";
  }
  if (ST & 1)
  { // Error flag
    int count = 0;

    str += "Error: ";
    for (i = 7; i >= 0; i--)
      if ((ER & (1 << i)) && (error_flag[i]))
      {
        if (count++ > 0)
          str += ", ";
        str += error_flag[i];
      }
  }

  // If the error was a READ or WRITE error, print the Logical Block
  // Address (LBA) at which the read or write failed.
  if (print_lba)
  {
    // print number of sectors, if known, and append to print string
    if (print_sector)
      str += strprintf(" %d sectors", print_sector);

    if (lba28_regs)
    {
      unsigned lba;
      // bits 24-27: bits 0-3 of DH
      lba = 0xf & lba28_regs->drive_head;
      lba <<= 8;
      // bits 16-23: CH
      lba |= lba28_regs->cylinder_high;
      lba <<= 8;
      // bits 8-15:  CL
      lba |= lba28_regs->cylinder_low;
      lba <<= 8;
      // bits 0-7:   SN
      lba |= lba28_regs->sector_number;
      str += strprintf(" at LBA = 0x%08x = %u", lba, lba);
    }
    else if (lba48_regs)
    {
      // This assumes that upper LBA registers are 0 for 28-bit commands
      // (TODO: detect 48-bit commands above)
      uint64_t lba48;
      lba48 = lba48_regs->lba_high_register_hi;
      lba48 <<= 8;
      lba48 |= lba48_regs->lba_mid_register_hi;
      lba48 <<= 8;
      lba48 |= lba48_regs->lba_low_register_hi;
      lba48 |= lba48_regs->device_register & 0xf;
      lba48 <<= 8;
      lba48 |= lba48_regs->lba_high_register;
      lba48 <<= 8;
      lba48 |= lba48_regs->lba_mid_register;
      lba48 <<= 8;
      lba48 |= lba48_regs->lba_low_register;
      str += strprintf(" at LBA = 0x%08" PRIx64 " = %" PRIu64, lba48, lba48);
    }
  }

  return str;
}

static inline std::string format_st_er_desc(
    const ata_smart_errorlog_struct *data)
{
  return format_st_er_desc(
      data->commands[4].commandreg,
      data->commands[4].featuresreg,
      data->error_struct.status,
      data->error_struct.error_register,
      data->error_struct.sector_count,
      &data->error_struct, (const ata_smart_exterrlog_error *)0);
}

static inline std::string format_st_er_desc(
    const ata_smart_exterrlog_error_log *data)
{
  return format_st_er_desc(
      data->commands[4].command_register,
      data->commands[4].features_register,
      data->error.status_register,
      data->error.error_register,
      data->error.count_register_hi << 8 | data->error.count_register,
      (const ata_smart_errorlog_error_struct *)0, &data->error);
}

static const char *get_form_factor(unsigned short word168)
{
  // Bits 0:3 are the form factor
  // Table A.32 of T13/2161-D (ACS-3) Revision 5, October 28, 2013
  // Table 247 of T13/BSR INCITS 529 (ACS-4) Revision 20, October 26, 2017
  // Table 254 of T13/BSR INCITS 558 (ACS-5) Revision 10, March 3, 2021
  switch (word168 & 0xF)
  {
  case 0x1:
    return "5.25 inches";
  case 0x2:
    return "3.5 inches";
  case 0x3:
    return "2.5 inches";
  case 0x4:
    return "1.8 inches";
  case 0x5:
    return "< 1.8 inches";
  case 0x6:
    return "mSATA"; // ACS-4
  case 0x7:
    return "M.2"; // ACS-4
  case 0x8:
    return "MicroSSD"; // ACS-4
  case 0x9:
    return "CFast"; // ACS-4
  default:
    return 0;
  }
}

static int find_msb(unsigned short word)
{
  for (int bit = 15; bit >= 0; bit--)
    if (word & (1 << bit))
      return bit;
  return -1;
}

static const char *get_ata_major_version(const ata_identify_device *drive)
{
  // Table 13 of T13/1153D (ATA/ATAPI-4) revision 18, August 19, 1998
  // Table 29 of T13/1699-D (ATA8-ACS) Revision 6a, September 6, 2008
  // Table 55 of T13/BSR INCITS 529 (ACS-4) Revision 20, October 26, 2017
  // Table 57 of T13/BSR INCITS 558 (ACS-5) Revision 10, March 3, 2021
  switch (find_msb(drive->major_rev_num))
  {
  case 15:
    return "ACS >5 (15)";
  case 14:
    return "ACS >5 (14)";
  case 13:
    return "ACS >5 (13)";
  case 12:
    return "ACS-5";
  case 11:
    return "ACS-4";
  case 10:
    return "ACS-3";
  case 9:
    return "ACS-2";
  case 8:
    return "ATA8-ACS";
  case 7:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-7";
  case 6:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-6";
  case 5:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-5";
  case 4:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-4";
  case 3:
    return "ATA-3";
  case 2:
    return "ATA-2";
  case 1:
    return "ATA-1";
  default:
    return 0;
  }
}

static const char *get_ata_minor_version(const ata_identify_device *drive)
{
  // Table 10 of X3T13/2008D (ATA-3) Revision 7b, January 27, 1997
  // Table 28 of T13/1410D (ATA/ATAPI-6) Revision 3b, February 26, 2002
  // Table 31 of T13/1699-D (ATA8-ACS) Revision 6a, September 6, 2008
  // Table 52 of T13/2015-D (ACS-2) Revision 7, June 22, 2011
  // Table 47 of T13/2161-D (ACS-3) Revision 5, October 28, 2013
  // Table 57 of T13/BSR INCITS 529 (ACS-4) Revision 20, October 26, 2017
  // Table 59 of T13/BSR INCITS 558 (ACS-5) Revision 10, March 3, 2021
  switch (drive->minor_rev_num)
  {
  case 0x0001:
    return "ATA-1 X3T9.2/781D prior to revision 4";
  case 0x0002:
    return "ATA-1 published, ANSI X3.221-1994";
  case 0x0003:
    return "ATA-1 X3T9.2/781D revision 4";
  case 0x0004:
    return "ATA-2 published, ANSI X3.279-1996";
  case 0x0005:
    return "ATA-2 X3T10/948D prior to revision 2k";
  case 0x0006:
    return "ATA-3 X3T10/2008D revision 1";
  case 0x0007:
    return "ATA-2 X3T10/948D revision 2k";
  case 0x0008:
    return "ATA-3 X3T10/2008D revision 0";
  case 0x0009:
    return "ATA-2 X3T10/948D revision 3";
  case 0x000a:
    return "ATA-3 published, ANSI X3.298-1997";
  case 0x000b:
    return "ATA-3 X3T10/2008D revision 6"; // 1st ATA-3 revision with SMART
  case 0x000c:
    return "ATA-3 X3T13/2008D revision 7 and 7a";
  case 0x000d:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-4 X3T13/1153D revision 6";
  case 0x000e:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-4 T13/1153D revision 13";
  case 0x000f:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-4 X3T13/1153D revision 7";
  case 0x0010:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-4 T13/1153D revision 18";
  case 0x0011:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-4 T13/1153D revision 15";
  case 0x0012:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-4 published, ANSI NCITS 317-1998";
  case 0x0013:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-5 T13/1321D revision 3";
  case 0x0014:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-4 T13/1153D revision 14";
  case 0x0015:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-5 T13/1321D revision 1";
  case 0x0016:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-5 published, ANSI NCITS 340-2000";
  case 0x0017:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-4 T13/1153D revision 17";
  case 0x0018:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-6 T13/1410D revision 0";
  case 0x0019:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-6 T13/1410D revision 3a";
  case 0x001a:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-7 T13/1532D revision 1";
  case 0x001b:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-6 T13/1410D revision 2";
  case 0x001c:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-6 T13/1410D revision 1";
  case 0x001d:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-7 published, ANSI INCITS 397-2005";
  case 0x001e:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-7 T13/1532D revision 0";
  case 0x001f:
    return "ACS-3 T13/2161-D revision 3b";

  case 0x0021:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-7 T13/1532D revision 4a";
  case 0x0022:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-6 published, ANSI INCITS 361-2002";

  case 0x0027:
    return "ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 3c";
  case 0x0028:
    return "ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 6";
  case 0x0029:
    return "ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4";

  case 0x0031:
    return "ACS-2 T13/2015-D revision 2";

  case 0x0033:
    return "ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 3e";

  case 0x0039:
    return "ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4c";

  case 0x0042:
    return "ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 3f";

  case 0x0052:
    return "ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 3b";

  case 0x005e:
    return "ACS-4 T13/BSR INCITS 529 revision 5";

  case 0x006d:
    return "ACS-3 T13/2161-D revision 5";

  case 0x0082:
    return "ACS-2 published, ANSI INCITS 482-2012";

  case 0x009c:
    return "ACS-4 published, ANSI INCITS 529-2018";

  case 0x0107:
    return "ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 2d";

  case 0x010a:
    return "ACS-3 published, ANSI INCITS 522-2014";

  case 0x0110:
    return "ACS-2 T13/2015-D revision 3";

  case 0x011b:
    return "ACS-3 T13/2161-D revision 4";

  default:
    return 0;
  }
}

static const char *get_pata_version(unsigned short word222, char (&buf)[32])
{
  // Table 29 of T13/1699-D (ATA8-ACS) Revision 6a, September 6, 2008
  // Table 57 of T13/BSR INCITS 558 (ACS-5) Revision 10, March 3, 2021
  switch (word222 & 0x0fff)
  {
  default:
    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
             "Unknown (0x%03x)", word222 & 0x0fff);
    return buf;
  case 0x001:
  case 0x003:
    return "ATA8-APT";
  case 0x002:
    return "ATA/ATAPI-7";
  }
}

static const char *get_sata_version(unsigned short word222)
{
  // Table 29 of T13/1699-D (ATA8-ACS) Revision 6a, September 6, 2008
  // Table 50 of T13/2015-D (ACS-2) Revision 7, June 22, 2011
  // Table 45 of T13/2161-D (ACS-3) Revision 5, October 28, 2013
  // Table 55 of T13/BSR INCITS 529 (ACS-4) Revision 20, October 26, 2017
  // Table 57 of T13/BSR INCITS 558 (ACS-5) Revision 10, March 3, 2021
  switch (find_msb(word222 & 0x0fff))
  {
  case 11:
    return "SATA >3.5 (11)";
  case 10:
    return "SATA 3.5"; // ACS-5
  case 9:
    return "SATA 3.4"; // ACS-5
  case 8:
    return "SATA 3.3"; // ACS-4
  case 7:
    return "SATA 3.2"; // ACS-4
  case 6:
    return "SATA 3.1"; // ACS-3
  case 5:
    return "SATA 3.0"; // ACS-2
  case 4:
    return "SATA 2.6";
  case 3:
    return "SATA 2.5";
  case 2:
    return "SATA II Ext";
  case 1:
    return "SATA 1.0a";
  case 0:
    return "ATA8-AST";
  default:
    return 0;
  }
}

static const char *get_sata_speed(int speed)
{
  if (speed <= 0)
    return 0;
  // Table 29 of T13/1699-D (ATA8-ACS) Revision 6a, September 6, 2008
  // Table 50 of T13/2015-D (ACS-2) Revision 7, June 22, 2011
  // Table 45 of T13/2161-D (ACS-3) Revision 5, October 28, 2013
  // Table 57 of T13/BSR INCITS 558 (ACS-5) Revision 10, March 3, 2021
  switch (speed)
  {
  default:
    return ">6.0 Gb/s (7)";
  case 6:
    return ">6.0 Gb/s (6)";
  case 5:
    return ">6.0 Gb/s (5)";
  case 4:
    return ">6.0 Gb/s (4)";
  case 3:
    return "6.0 Gb/s"; // ACS-3
  case 2:
    return "3.0 Gb/s";
  case 1:
    return "1.5 Gb/s"; // ATA8-ACS
  }
}

static void jset_sata_speed(const char *key, int value, int speed, const char *str)
{
  if (speed <= 0)
    return;
  json::ref jref = jglb["interface_speed"][key];
  jref["sata_value"] = value;
  if (str)
    jref["string"] = str;
  int ups;
  switch (speed)
  {
  case 3:
    ups = 60;
    break;
  case 2:
    ups = 30;
    break;
  case 1:
    ups = 15;
    break;
  default:
    return;
  }
  jref["units_per_second"] = ups;
  jref["bits_per_unit"] = 100000000;
}

static void print_sata_version_and_speed(unsigned short word222,
                                         unsigned short word076,
                                         unsigned short word077)
{
  int allspeeds = (!(word076 & 0x0001) ? (word076 & 0x00fe) : 0);
  int maxspeed = (allspeeds ? find_msb(allspeeds) : 0);
  int curspeed = (!(word077 & 0x0001) ? ((word077 >> 1) & 0x7) : 0);

  const char *verstr = get_sata_version(word222);
  const char *maxstr = get_sata_speed(maxspeed);
  const char *curstr = get_sata_speed(curspeed);
  // jout("SATA Version is:  %s%s%s%s%s%s\n",
  //      (verstr ? verstr : "Unknown"),
  //      (maxstr ? ", " : ""), (maxstr ? maxstr : ""),
  //      (curstr ? " (current: " : ""), (curstr ? curstr : ""),
  //      (curstr ? ")" : ""));
  if (verstr)
    jglb["sata_version"]["string"] = verstr;
  jglb["sata_version"]["value"] = word222 & 0x0fff;
  jset_sata_speed("max", allspeeds, maxspeed, maxstr);
  jset_sata_speed("current", curspeed, curspeed, curstr);
}

static void print_drive_info(const ata_identify_device *drive,
                             const ata_size_info &sizes, int rpm,
                             const drive_settings *dbentry, const char *dbversion)
{
  // format drive information (with byte swapping as needed)
  char model[40 + 1], serial[20 + 1], firmware[8 + 1];
  ata_format_id_string(model, drive->model, sizeof(model) - 1);
  ata_format_id_string(serial, drive->serial_no, sizeof(serial) - 1);
  ata_format_id_string(firmware, drive->fw_rev, sizeof(firmware) - 1);
/*
  // Print model family if known
  if (dbentry && *dbentry->modelfamily)
  {
    jout("Model Family:     %s\n", dbentry->modelfamily);
    jglb["model_family"] = dbentry->modelfamily;
  }

  jout("Device Model:     %s\n", infofound(model));
  jglb["model_name"] = model;

  if (!dont_print_serial_number)
  {
    jout("Serial Number:    %s\n", infofound(serial));
    jglb["serial_number"] = serial;

    unsigned oui = 0;
    uint64_t unique_id = 0;
    int naa = ata_get_wwn(drive, oui, unique_id);
    if (naa >= 0)
    {
      jout("LU WWN Device Id: %x %06x %09" PRIx64 "\n", naa, oui, unique_id);
      jglb["wwn"]["naa"] = naa;
      jglb["wwn"]["oui"] = oui;
      jglb["wwn"]["id"] = unique_id;
    }
  }

  // Additional Product Identifier (OEM Id) string in words 170-173
  // (e08130r1, added in ACS-2 Revision 1, December 17, 2008)
  if (0x2020 <= drive->words088_255[170 - 88] && drive->words088_255[170 - 88] <= 0x7e7e)
  {
    char add[8 + 1];
    ata_format_id_string(add, (const unsigned char *)(drive->words088_255 + (170 - 88)), sizeof(add) - 1);
    if (add[0])
    {
      jout("Add. Product Id:  %s\n", add);
      jglb["ata_additional_product_id"] = add;
    }
  }

  jout("Firmware Version: %s\n", infofound(firmware));
  jglb["firmware_version"] = firmware;

  if (sizes.capacity)
  {
    // Print capacity
    char num[64], cap[32];
    jout("User Capacity:    %s bytes [%s]\n",
         format_with_thousands_sep(num, sizeof(num), sizes.capacity),
         format_capacity(cap, sizeof(cap), sizes.capacity));
    jglb["user_capacity"]["blocks"].set_unsafe_uint64(sizes.sectors);
    jglb["user_capacity"]["bytes"].set_unsafe_uint64(sizes.capacity);

    // Print sector sizes.
    if (sizes.phy_sector_size == sizes.log_sector_size)
      jout("Sector Size:      %u bytes logical/physical\n", sizes.log_sector_size);
    else
    {
      jout("Sector Sizes:     %u bytes logical, %u bytes physical",
           sizes.log_sector_size, sizes.phy_sector_size);
      if (sizes.log_sector_offset)
        pout(" (offset %u bytes)", sizes.log_sector_offset);
      jout("\n");
    }
    jglb["logical_block_size"] = sizes.log_sector_size;
    jglb["physical_block_size"] = sizes.phy_sector_size;
  }*/

  // Print nominal media rotation rate if reported
  if (rpm)
  {
    // if (rpm == 1)
      // jout("Rotation Rate:    Solid State Device\n");
    if (rpm > 1)
    {
      rate = rpm;
      // jout("Rotation Rate:    %d rpm\n", rpm);
    }
    else
      // pout("Rotation Rate:    Unknown (0x%04x)\n", -rpm);
    if (rpm > 0)
      jglb["rotation_rate"] = (rpm == 1 ? 0 : rpm);
  }

  // Print form factor if reported
  unsigned short word168 = drive->words088_255[168 - 88];
  if (word168)
  {
    const char *form_factor = get_form_factor(word168);
    if (form_factor)
      ;
      // jout("Form Factor:      %s\n", form_factor);
    else
      ;
      // jout("Form Factor:      Unknown (0x%04x)\n", word168);
    jglb["form_factor"]["ata_value"] = word168;
    if (form_factor)
      jglb["form_factor"]["name"] = form_factor;
  }

  // Print TRIM support
  bool trim_sup = !!(drive->words088_255[169 - 88] & 0x0001);
  unsigned short word069 = drive->words047_079[69 - 47];
  bool trim_det = !!(word069 & 0x4000), trim_zeroed = !!(word069 & 0x0020);
  if (trim_sup || rpm == 1) // HDD: if supported (SMR), SSD: always
    // jout("TRIM Command:     %s%s%s\n",
    //      (!trim_sup ? "Unavailable" : "Available"),
    //      (!(trim_sup && trim_det) ? "" : ", deterministic"),
    //      (!(trim_sup && trim_zeroed) ? "" : ", zeroed"));
  jglb["trim"]["supported"] = trim_sup;
  if (trim_sup)
  {
    jglb["trim"]["deterministic"] = trim_det;
    jglb["trim"]["zeroed"] = trim_zeroed;
  }

  // Print Zoned Device Capabilities if reported
  // (added in ACS-4, obsoleted in ACS-5)
  unsigned short zoned_caps = word069 & 0x3;
  if (zoned_caps)
  {
    // jout("Zoned Device:     %s\n",
    //      (zoned_caps == 0x1 ? "Host Aware Zones" : zoned_caps == 0x2 ? "Device managed zones"
                                                                    //  : "Unknown (0x3)"));
    if (zoned_caps < 0x3)
      jglb["zoned_device"]["capabilities"] = (zoned_caps == 0x1 ? "host_aware" : "device_managed");
  }

  // See if drive is recognized
  // jout("Device is:        %s%s%s\n",
  //      (dbentry ? "In smartctl database" : "Not in smartctl database"),
  //      (*dbversion ? " " : ""), (*dbversion ? dbversion : ""));
  jglb["in_smartctl_database"] = !!dbentry;

  // Print ATA version
  std::string ataver;
  if ((drive->major_rev_num != 0x0000 && drive->major_rev_num != 0xffff) || (drive->minor_rev_num != 0x0000 && drive->minor_rev_num != 0xffff))
  {
    const char *majorver = get_ata_major_version(drive);
    const char *minorver = get_ata_minor_version(drive);

    if (majorver && minorver && str_starts_with(minorver, majorver))
    {
      // Major and minor strings match, print minor string only
      ataver = minorver;
    }
    else
    {
      if (majorver)
        ataver = majorver;
      else
        ataver = strprintf("Unknown(0x%04x)", drive->major_rev_num);

      if (minorver)
        ataver += strprintf(", %s", minorver);
      else if (drive->minor_rev_num != 0x0000 && drive->minor_rev_num != 0xffff)
        ataver += strprintf(" (unknown minor revision code: 0x%04x)", drive->minor_rev_num);
      else
        ataver += " (minor revision not indicated)";
    }
  }
  // jout("ATA Version is:   %s\n", infofound(ataver.c_str()));
  if (!ataver.empty())
  {
    jglb["ata_version"]["string"] = ataver;
    jglb["ata_version"]["major_value"] = drive->major_rev_num;
    jglb["ata_version"]["minor_value"] = drive->minor_rev_num;
  }

  // Print Transport specific version
  unsigned short word222 = drive->words088_255[222 - 88];
  if (word222 != 0x0000 && word222 != 0xffff)
    switch (word222 >> 12)
    {
    case 0x0: // PATA
    {
      char buf[32] = "";
      // pout("Transport Type:   Parallel, %s\n", get_pata_version(word222, buf));
    }
    break;
    case 0x1: // SATA
      print_sata_version_and_speed(word222,
                                   drive->words047_079[76 - 47],
                                   drive->words047_079[77 - 47]);
      break;
    case 0xe: // PCIe (ACS-4)
      ;
      // pout("Transport Type:   PCIe (0x%03x)\n", word222 & 0x0fff);
      break;
    default:
      // pout("Transport Type:   Unknown (0x%04x)\n", word222);
      break;
    }

  // jout_startup_datetime("Local Time is:    ");

  // Print warning message, if there is one
  if (dbentry && *dbentry->warningmsg)
    ;// pout("\n==> WARNING: %s\n\n", dbentry->warningmsg);
}

static const char *OfflineDataCollectionStatus(unsigned char status_byte)
{
  unsigned char stat = status_byte & 0x7f;

  switch (stat)
  {
  case 0x00:
    return "was never started";
  case 0x02:
    return "was completed without error";
  case 0x03:
    if (status_byte == 0x03)
      return "is in progress";
    else
      return "is in a Reserved state";
  case 0x04:
    return "was suspended by an interrupting command from host";
  case 0x05:
    return "was aborted by an interrupting command from host";
  case 0x06:
    return "was aborted by the device with a fatal error";
  default:
    if (stat >= 0x40)
      return "is in a Vendor Specific state";
    else
      return "is in a Reserved state";
  }
}

//  prints verbose value Off-line data collection status byte
static void PrintSmartOfflineStatus(const ata_smart_values *data)
{
  json::ref jref = jglb["ata_smart_data"]["offline_data_collection"]["status"];

  jout("Offline data collection status:  (0x%02x)\t",
       (int)data->offline_data_collection_status);
  jref["value"] = data->offline_data_collection_status;

  // Off-line data collection status byte is not a reserved
  // or vendor specific value
  jout("Offline data collection activity\n"
       "\t\t\t\t\t%s.\n",
       OfflineDataCollectionStatus(data->offline_data_collection_status));
  jref["string"] = OfflineDataCollectionStatus(data->offline_data_collection_status);
  switch (data->offline_data_collection_status & 0x7f)
  {
  case 0x02:
    jref["passed"] = true;
    break;
  case 0x06:
    jref["passed"] = false;
    break;
  }

  // Report on Automatic Data Collection Status.  Only IBM documents
  // this bit.  See SFF 8035i Revision 2 for details.
  if (data->offline_data_collection_status & 0x80)
    pout("\t\t\t\t\tAuto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.\n");
  else
    pout("\t\t\t\t\tAuto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.\n");

  return;
}

static void PrintSmartSelfExecStatus(const ata_smart_values *data,
                                     firmwarebug_defs firmwarebugs)
{
  unsigned char status = data->self_test_exec_status;
  jout("Self-test execution status:      ");

  switch (data->self_test_exec_status >> 4)
  {
  case 0:
    jout("(%4d)\tThe previous self-test routine completed\n\t\t\t\t\t", status);
    jout("without error or no self-test has ever \n\t\t\t\t\tbeen run.\n");
    break;
  case 1:
    jout("(%4d)\tThe self-test routine was aborted by\n\t\t\t\t\t", status);
    jout("the host.\n");
    break;
  case 2:
    jout("(%4d)\tThe self-test routine was interrupted\n\t\t\t\t\t", status);
    jout("by the host with a hard or soft reset.\n");
    break;
  case 3:
    jout("(%4d)\tA fatal error or unknown test error\n\t\t\t\t\t", status);
    jout("occurred while the device was executing\n\t\t\t\t\t");
    jout("its self-test routine and the device \n\t\t\t\t\t");
    jout("was unable to complete the self-test \n\t\t\t\t\t");
    jout("routine.\n");
    break;
  case 4:
    jout("(%4d)\tThe previous self-test completed having\n\t\t\t\t\t", status);
    jout("a test element that failed and the test\n\t\t\t\t\t");
    jout("element that failed is not known.\n");
    break;
  case 5:
    jout("(%4d)\tThe previous self-test completed having\n\t\t\t\t\t", status);
    jout("the electrical element of the test\n\t\t\t\t\t");
    jout("failed.\n");
    break;
  case 6:
    jout("(%4d)\tThe previous self-test completed having\n\t\t\t\t\t", status);
    jout("the servo (and/or seek) element of the \n\t\t\t\t\t");
    jout("test failed.\n");
    break;
  case 7:
    jout("(%4d)\tThe previous self-test completed having\n\t\t\t\t\t", status);
    jout("the read element of the test failed.\n");
    break;
  case 8:
    jout("(%4d)\tThe previous self-test completed having\n\t\t\t\t\t", status);
    jout("a test element that failed and the\n\t\t\t\t\t");
    jout("device is suspected of having handling\n\t\t\t\t\t");
    jout("damage.\n");
    break;
  case 15:
    if (firmwarebugs.is_set(BUG_SAMSUNG3) && data->self_test_exec_status == 0xf0)
    {
      pout("(%4d)\tThe previous self-test routine completed\n\t\t\t\t\t", status);
      pout("with unknown result or self-test in\n\t\t\t\t\t");
      pout("progress with less than 10%% remaining.\n");
    }
    else
    {
      jout("(%4d)\tSelf-test routine in progress...\n\t\t\t\t\t", status);
      jout("%1d0%% of test remaining.\n", status & 0x0f);
    }
    break;
  default:
    jout("(%4d)\tReserved.\n", status);
    break;
  }

  json::ref jref = jglb["ata_smart_data"]["self_test"]["status"];

  jref["value"] = status;
  const char *msg;
  // TODO: Use common function for smartctl/smartd
  switch (status >> 4)
  {
  case 0x0:
    msg = "completed without error";
    break;
  case 0x1:
    msg = "was aborted by the host";
    break;
  case 0x2:
    msg = "was interrupted by the host with a reset";
    break;
  case 0x3:
    msg = "could not complete due to a fatal or unknown error";
    break;
  case 0x4:
    msg = "completed with error (unknown test element)";
    break;
  case 0x5:
    msg = "completed with error (electrical test element)";
    break;
  case 0x6:
    msg = "completed with error (servo/seek test element)";
    break;
  case 0x7:
    msg = "completed with error (read test element)";
    break;
  case 0x8:
    msg = "completed with error (handling damage?)";
    break;
  default:
    msg = 0;
  }
  if (msg)
  {
    jref["string"] = msg;
    switch (status >> 4)
    {
    case 0x1:
    case 0x2:
    case 0x3:
      break; // aborted -> unknown
    default:
      jref["passed"] = ((status >> 4) == 0x0);
    }
  }
  else if ((status >> 4) == 0xf)
  {
    jref["string"] = strprintf("in progress, %u0%% remaining", status & 0xf);
    jref["remaining_percent"] = (status & 0xf) * 10;
  }
}

static void PrintSmartTotalTimeCompleteOffline(const ata_smart_values *data)
{
  jout("Total time to complete Offline \n");
  jout("data collection: \t\t(%5d) seconds.\n",
       (int)data->total_time_to_complete_off_line);

  jglb["ata_smart_data"]["offline_data_collection"]["completion_seconds"] =
      data->total_time_to_complete_off_line;
}

static void PrintSmartOfflineCollectCap(const ata_smart_values *data)
{
  json::ref jref = jglb["ata_smart_data"]["capabilities"];

  jout("Offline data collection\n");
  jout("capabilities: \t\t\t (0x%02x) ",
       (int)data->offline_data_collection_capability);
  jref["values"][0] = data->offline_data_collection_capability;

  if (data->offline_data_collection_capability == 0x00)
  {
    jout("\tOffline data collection not supported.\n");
  }
  else
  {
    jout("%s\n", isSupportExecuteOfflineImmediate(data) ? "SMART execute Offline immediate." : "No SMART execute Offline immediate.");
    jref["exec_offline_immediate_supported"] = isSupportExecuteOfflineImmediate(data);

    // TODO: Bit 1 is vendor specific
    pout("\t\t\t\t\t%s\n", isSupportAutomaticTimer(data) ? "Auto Offline data collection on/off support." : "No Auto Offline data collection support.");

    jout("\t\t\t\t\t%s\n", isSupportOfflineAbort(data) ? "Abort Offline collection upon new\n\t\t\t\t\tcommand." : "Suspend Offline collection upon new\n\t\t\t\t\tcommand.");
    jref["offline_is_aborted_upon_new_cmd"] = isSupportOfflineAbort(data);

    jout("\t\t\t\t\t%s\n", isSupportOfflineSurfaceScan(data) ? "Offline surface scan supported." : "No Offline surface scan supported.");
    jref["offline_surface_scan_supported"] = isSupportOfflineSurfaceScan(data);

    jout("\t\t\t\t\t%s\n", isSupportSelfTest(data) ? "Self-test supported." : "No Self-test supported.");
    jref["self_tests_supported"] = isSupportSelfTest(data);

    jout("\t\t\t\t\t%s\n", isSupportConveyanceSelfTest(data) ? "Conveyance Self-test supported." : "No Conveyance Self-test supported.");
    jref["conveyance_self_test_supported"] = isSupportConveyanceSelfTest(data);

    jout("\t\t\t\t\t%s\n", isSupportSelectiveSelfTest(data) ? "Selective Self-test supported." : "No Selective Self-test supported.");
    jref["selective_self_test_supported"] = isSupportSelectiveSelfTest(data);
  }
}

static void PrintSmartCapability(const ata_smart_values *data)
{
  json::ref jref = jglb["ata_smart_data"]["capabilities"];

  jout("SMART capabilities:            ");
  jout("(0x%04x)\t", (int)data->smart_capability);
  jref["values"][1] = data->smart_capability;

  if (data->smart_capability == 0x00)
    jout("Automatic saving of SMART data\t\t\t\t\tis not implemented.\n");
  else
  {
    jout("%s\n", (data->smart_capability & 0x01) ? "Saves SMART data before entering\n\t\t\t\t\tpower-saving mode." : "Does not save SMART data before\n\t\t\t\t\tentering power-saving mode.");
    jref["attribute_autosave_enabled"] = !!(data->smart_capability & 0x01);

    // TODO: Info possibly invalid or misleading
    // ATA-3 - ATA-5: Bit shall be set
    // ATA-6 - ACS-3: Bit shall be set to indicate support for
    // SMART ENABLE/DISABLE ATTRIBUTE AUTOSAVE
    if (data->smart_capability & 0x02)
      pout("\t\t\t\t\tSupports SMART auto save timer.\n");
  }
}

static void PrintSmartErrorLogCapability(const ata_smart_values *data, const ata_identify_device *identity)
{
  bool capable = isSmartErrorLogCapable(data, identity);
  jout("Error logging capability:        (0x%02x)\tError logging %ssupported.\n",
       data->errorlog_capability, (capable ? "" : "NOT "));
  jglb["ata_smart_data"]["capabilities"]["error_logging_supported"] = capable;
}

static void PrintSmartShortSelfTestPollingTime(const ata_smart_values *data)
{
  jout("Short self-test routine \n");
  if (isSupportSelfTest(data))
  {
    jout("recommended polling time: \t (%4d) minutes.\n",
         (int)data->short_test_completion_time);
    jglb["ata_smart_data"]["self_test"]["polling_minutes"]["short"] =
        data->short_test_completion_time;
  }
  else
    jout("recommended polling time: \t        Not Supported.\n");
}

static void PrintSmartExtendedSelfTestPollingTime(const ata_smart_values *data)
{
  jout("Extended self-test routine\n");
  if (isSupportSelfTest(data))
  {
    jout("recommended polling time: \t (%4d) minutes.\n",
         TestTime(data, EXTEND_SELF_TEST));
    jglb["ata_smart_data"]["self_test"]["polling_minutes"]["extended"] =
        TestTime(data, EXTEND_SELF_TEST);
  }
  else
    jout("recommended polling time: \t        Not Supported.\n");
}

static void PrintSmartConveyanceSelfTestPollingTime(const ata_smart_values *data)
{
  jout("Conveyance self-test routine\n");
  if (isSupportConveyanceSelfTest(data))
  {
    jout("recommended polling time: \t (%4d) minutes.\n",
         (int)data->conveyance_test_completion_time);
    jglb["ata_smart_data"]["self_test"]["polling_minutes"]["conveyance"] =
        data->conveyance_test_completion_time;
  }
  else
    jout("recommended polling time: \t        Not Supported.\n");
}

// Check SMART attribute table for Threshold failure
// onlyfailed=0: are or were any age or prefailure attributes <= threshold
// onlyfailed=1: are any prefailure attributes <= threshold now
static int find_failed_attr(const ata_smart_values *data,
                            const ata_smart_thresholds_pvt *thresholds,
                            const ata_vendor_attr_defs &defs, int onlyfailed)
{
  for (int i = 0; i < NUMBER_ATA_SMART_ATTRIBUTES; i++)
  {
    const ata_smart_attribute &attr = data->vendor_attributes[i];

    ata_attr_state state = ata_get_attr_state(attr, i, thresholds->thres_entries, defs);

    if (!onlyfailed)
    {
      if (state >= ATTRSTATE_FAILED_PAST)
        return attr.id;
    }
    else
    {
      if (state == ATTRSTATE_FAILED_NOW && ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_PREFAILURE(attr.flags))
        return attr.id;
    }
  }
  return 0;
}

static void set_json_globals_from_smart_attrib(int id, const char *name,
                                               const ata_vendor_attr_defs &defs,
                                               uint64_t rawval)
{
  switch (id)
  {
  case 9:
    if (!str_starts_with(name, "Power_On_"))
      return;
    {
      int minutes = -1;
      switch (defs[id].raw_format)
      {
      case RAWFMT_RAW48:
      case RAWFMT_RAW64:
      case RAWFMT_RAW16_OPT_RAW16:
      case RAWFMT_RAW24_OPT_RAW8:
        break;
      case RAWFMT_SEC2HOUR:
        minutes = (rawval / 60) % 60;
        rawval /= 60 * 60;
        break;
      case RAWFMT_MIN2HOUR:
        minutes = rawval % 60;
        rawval /= 60;
        break;
      case RAWFMT_HALFMIN2HOUR:
        minutes = (rawval / 2) % 60;
        rawval /= 2 * 60;
        break;
      case RAWFMT_DEFAULT:       // No database entry:
        rawval &= 0xffffffffULL; // ignore milliseconds from RAWFMT_MSEC24_HOUR32
        break;
      case RAWFMT_MSEC24_HOUR32:
        minutes = (int)(rawval >> 32) / (1000 * 60);
        if (minutes >= 60)
          minutes = -1;
        rawval &= 0xffffffffULL;
        break;
      default:
        return;
      }
      if (rawval > 0x00ffffffULL)
        return; // assume bogus value
      jglb["power_on_time"]["hours"] = rawval;
      if (minutes >= 0)
        jglb["power_on_time"]["minutes"] = minutes;
    }
    break;
  case 12:
    if (strcmp(name, "Power_Cycle_Count"))
      return;
    switch (defs[id].raw_format)
    {
    case RAWFMT_DEFAULT:
    case RAWFMT_RAW48:
    case RAWFMT_RAW64:
    case RAWFMT_RAW16_OPT_RAW16:
    case RAWFMT_RAW24_OPT_RAW8:
      break;
    default:
      return;
    }
    if (rawval > 0x00ffffffULL)
      return; // assume bogus value
    jglb["power_cycle_count"] = rawval;
    break;
    // case 194:
    //  Temperature set separately from ata_return_temperature_value() below
  }
}

// onlyfailed=0 : print all attribute values
// onlyfailed=1:  just ones that are currently failed and have prefailure bit set
// onlyfailed=2:  ones that are failed, or have failed with or without prefailure bit set
static void PrintSmartAttribWithThres(const ata_smart_values *data,
                                      const ata_smart_thresholds_pvt *thresholds,
                                      const ata_vendor_attr_defs &defs, int rpm,
                                      int onlyfailed, unsigned char format)
{
  bool brief = !!(format & ata_print_options::FMT_BRIEF);
  bool hexid = !!(format & ata_print_options::FMT_HEX_ID);
  bool hexval = !!(format & ata_print_options::FMT_HEX_VAL);
  bool needheader = true;

  // step through all vendor attributes
  for (int i = 0, ji = 0; i < NUMBER_ATA_SMART_ATTRIBUTES; i++)
  {
    const ata_smart_attribute &attr = data->vendor_attributes[i];

    // Check attribute and threshold
    unsigned char threshold = 0;
    ata_attr_state state = ata_get_attr_state(attr, i, thresholds->thres_entries, defs, &threshold);
    if (state == ATTRSTATE_NON_EXISTING)
      continue;

    // These break out of the loop if we are only printing certain entries...
    if (onlyfailed == 1 && !(ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_PREFAILURE(attr.flags) && state == ATTRSTATE_FAILED_NOW))
      continue;

    if (onlyfailed == 2 && state < ATTRSTATE_FAILED_PAST)
      continue;

    // print header only if needed
    // if (needheader)
    // {
    //   if (!onlyfailed)
    //   {
    //     jout("SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: %d\n", (int)data->revnumber);
    //     jglb["ata_smart_attributes"]["revision"] = data->revnumber;
    //     jout("Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:\n");
    //   }
    //   if (!brief)
    //     jout("ID#%s ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE\n",
    //          (!hexid ? "" : " "));
    //   else
    //     jout("ID#%s ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAGS    VALUE WORST THRESH FAIL RAW_VALUE\n",
    //          (!hexid ? "" : " "));
    //   needheader = false;
    // }

    // Format value, worst, threshold
    std::string valstr, worstr, threstr;
    if (state > ATTRSTATE_NO_NORMVAL)
      valstr = (!hexval ? strprintf("%.3d", attr.current)
                        : strprintf("0x%02x", attr.current));
    else
      valstr = (!hexval ? "---" : "----");
    if (!(defs[attr.id].flags & ATTRFLAG_NO_WORSTVAL))
      worstr = (!hexval ? strprintf("%.3d", attr.worst)
                        : strprintf("0x%02x", attr.worst));
    else
      worstr = (!hexval ? "---" : "----");
    if (state > ATTRSTATE_NO_THRESHOLD)
      threstr = (!hexval ? strprintf("%.3d", threshold)
                         : strprintf("0x%02x", threshold));
    else
      threstr = (!hexval ? "---" : "----");

    // Print line for each valid attribute
    std::string idstr = (!hexid ? strprintf("%3d", attr.id)
                                : strprintf("0x%02x", attr.id));
    std::string attrname = ata_get_smart_attr_name(attr.id, defs, rpm);
    std::string rawstr = ata_format_attr_raw_value(attr, defs);
    if(194 == attr.id)
        sataTemp = rawstr;

    char flagstr[] = {
        (ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_PREFAILURE(attr.flags) ? 'P' : '-'),
        (ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_ONLINE(attr.flags) ? 'O' : '-'),
        (ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_PERFORMANCE(attr.flags) ? 'S' : '-'),
        (ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_ERRORRATE(attr.flags) ? 'R' : '-'),
        (ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_EVENTCOUNT(attr.flags) ? 'C' : '-'),
        (ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_SELFPRESERVING(attr.flags) ? 'K' : '-'),
        (ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_OTHER(attr.flags) ? '+' : ' '),
        0};

    // if (!brief)
    //   jout("%s %-24s0x%04x   %-4s  %-4s  %-4s   %-10s%-9s%-12s%s\n",
    //        idstr.c_str(), attrname.c_str(), attr.flags,
    //        valstr.c_str(), worstr.c_str(), threstr.c_str(),
    //        (ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_PREFAILURE(attr.flags) ? "Pre-fail" : "Old_age"),
    //        (ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_ONLINE(attr.flags) ? "Always" : "Offline"),
    //        (state == ATTRSTATE_FAILED_NOW ? "FAILING_NOW" : state == ATTRSTATE_FAILED_PAST ? "In_the_past"
    //                                                                                        : "    -"),
    //        rawstr.c_str());
    // else
    //   jout("%s %-24s%s  %-4s  %-4s  %-4s   %-5s%s\n",
    //        idstr.c_str(), attrname.c_str(), flagstr,
    //        valstr.c_str(), worstr.c_str(), threstr.c_str(),
    //        (state == ATTRSTATE_FAILED_NOW ? "NOW" : state == ATTRSTATE_FAILED_PAST ? "Past"
    //                                                                                : "-"),
    //        rawstr.c_str());

    if (!jglb.is_enabled())
      continue;

    json::ref jref = jglb["ata_smart_attributes"]["table"][ji++];
    jref["id"] = attr.id;
    jref["name"] = attrname;
    if (state > ATTRSTATE_NO_NORMVAL)
      jref["value"] = attr.current;
    if (!(defs[attr.id].flags & ATTRFLAG_NO_WORSTVAL))
      jref["worst"] = attr.worst;
    if (state > ATTRSTATE_NO_THRESHOLD)
    {
      jref["thresh"] = threshold;
      jref["when_failed"] = (state == ATTRSTATE_FAILED_NOW ? "now" : state == ATTRSTATE_FAILED_PAST ? "past"
                                                                                                    : "");
    }

    json::ref jreff = jref["flags"];
    jreff["value"] = attr.flags;
    jreff["string"] = flagstr;
    jreff["prefailure"] = !!ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_PREFAILURE(attr.flags);
    jreff["updated_online"] = !!ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_ONLINE(attr.flags);
    jreff["performance"] = !!ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_PERFORMANCE(attr.flags);
    jreff["error_rate"] = !!ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_ERRORRATE(attr.flags);
    jreff["event_count"] = !!ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_EVENTCOUNT(attr.flags);
    jreff["auto_keep"] = !!ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_SELFPRESERVING(attr.flags);
    if (ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_OTHER(attr.flags))
      jreff["other"] = ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_OTHER(attr.flags);

    uint64_t rawval = ata_get_attr_raw_value(attr, defs);
    jref["raw"]["value"] = rawval;
    jref["raw"]["string"] = rawstr;

    set_json_globals_from_smart_attrib(attr.id, attrname.c_str(), defs, rawval);
  }

  if (!needheader)
  {
    if (!onlyfailed && brief)
    {
      int n = (!hexid ? 28 : 29);
      jout("%*s||||||_ K auto-keep\n"
           "%*s|||||__ C event count\n"
           "%*s||||___ R error rate\n"
           "%*s|||____ S speed/performance\n"
           "%*s||_____ O updated online\n"
           "%*s|______ P prefailure warning\n",
           n, "", n, "", n, "", n, "", n, "", n, "");
    }
    // pout("\n");
  }

  if (!jglb.is_enabled())
    return;

  // Protocol independent temperature
  unsigned char t = ata_return_temperature_value(data, defs);
  if (t)
    jglb["temperature"]["current"] = t;
}

// Print SMART related SCT capabilities
static void ataPrintSCTCapability(const ata_identify_device *drive)
{
  unsigned short sctcaps = drive->words088_255[206 - 88];
  if (!(sctcaps & 0x01))
    return;
  json::ref jref = jglb["ata_sct_capabilities"];
  jout("SCT capabilities: \t       (0x%04x)\tSCT Status supported.\n", sctcaps);
  jref["value"] = sctcaps;
  if (sctcaps & 0x08)
    jout("\t\t\t\t\tSCT Error Recovery Control supported.\n");
  jref["error_recovery_control_supported"] = !!(sctcaps & 0x08);
  if (sctcaps & 0x10)
    jout("\t\t\t\t\tSCT Feature Control supported.\n");
  jref["feature_control_supported"] = !!(sctcaps & 0x10);
  if (sctcaps & 0x20)
    jout("\t\t\t\t\tSCT Data Table supported.\n");
  jref["data_table_supported"] = !!(sctcaps & 0x20);
}

static void PrintGeneralSmartValues(const ata_smart_values *data, const ata_identify_device *drive,
                                    firmwarebug_defs firmwarebugs)
{
  jout("General SMART Values:\n");

  PrintSmartOfflineStatus(data);

  if (isSupportSelfTest(data))
  {
    PrintSmartSelfExecStatus(data, firmwarebugs);
  }

  PrintSmartTotalTimeCompleteOffline(data);
  PrintSmartOfflineCollectCap(data);
  PrintSmartCapability(data);

  PrintSmartErrorLogCapability(data, drive);

  jout("\t\t\t\t\t%s\n", isGeneralPurposeLoggingCapable(drive) ? "General Purpose Logging supported." : "No General Purpose Logging support.");
  jglb["ata_smart_data"]["capabilities"]["gp_logging_supported"] =
      isGeneralPurposeLoggingCapable(drive);

  if (isSupportSelfTest(data))
  {
    PrintSmartShortSelfTestPollingTime(data);
    PrintSmartExtendedSelfTestPollingTime(data);
  }
  if (isSupportConveyanceSelfTest(data))
    PrintSmartConveyanceSelfTestPollingTime(data);

  ataPrintSCTCapability(drive);

  jout("\n");
}

// Get # sectors of a log addr, 0 if log does not exist.
static unsigned GetNumLogSectors(const ata_smart_log_directory *logdir, unsigned logaddr, bool gpl)
{
  if (!logdir)
    return 0;
  if (logaddr > 0xff)
    return 0;
  if (logaddr == 0)
    return 1;
  unsigned n = logdir->entry[logaddr - 1].numsectors;
  if (gpl)
    // GP logs may have >255 sectors
    n |= logdir->entry[logaddr - 1].reserved << 8;
  return n;
}

// Get name of log.
static const char *GetLogName(unsigned logaddr)
{
  // Table A.2 of T13/2015-D (ACS-2) Revision 7, June 22, 2011
  // Table 112 of Serial ATA Revision 3.2, August 7, 2013
  // Table A.2 of T13/2161-D (ACS-3) Revision 5, October 28, 2013
  // Table 213 of T13/BSR INCITS 529 (ACS-4) Revision 20, October 26, 2017
  // Table 213 of T13/BSR INCITS 558 (ACS-5) Revision 10, March 3, 2021
  switch (logaddr)
  {
  case 0x00:
    return "Log Directory";
  case 0x01:
    return "Summary SMART error log";
  case 0x02:
    return "Comprehensive SMART error log";
  case 0x03:
    return "Ext. Comprehensive SMART error log";
  case 0x04:
    return "Device Statistics log";
  case 0x05:
    return "Reserved for CFA"; // ACS-2
  case 0x06:
    return "SMART self-test log"; // OBS-ACS-5
  case 0x07:
    return "Extended self-test log"; // OBS-ACS-5
  case 0x08:
    return "Power Conditions log"; // ACS-2
  case 0x09:
    return "Selective self-test log";
  case 0x0a:
    return "Device Statistics Notification"; // ACS-3
  case 0x0b:
    return "Reserved for CFA"; // ACS-3
  case 0x0c:
    return "Pending Defects log"; // ACS-4
  case 0x0d:
    return "LPS Mis-alignment log"; // ACS-2
  case 0x0e:
    return "Reserved for ZAC-2"; // ACS-4
  case 0x0f:
    return "Sense Data for Successful NCQ Cmds log"; // ACS-4
  case 0x10:
    return "NCQ Command Error log";
  case 0x11:
    return "SATA Phy Event Counters log";
    // case 0x12: return "SATA NCQ Queue Management log"; // SATA 3.0/3.1, ACS-3
  case 0x12:
    return "SATA NCQ Non-Data log"; // SATA 3.2, ACS-4
  case 0x13:
    return "SATA NCQ Send and Receive log"; // SATA 3.1, ACS-3
  case 0x14:
    return "Hybrid Information log"; // SATA 3.2, ACS-4
  case 0x15:
    return "Rebuild Assist log"; // SATA 3.2, ACS-4
  case 0x16:
    return "Out Of Band Management Control log"; // ACS-5
  case 0x17:
    return "Reserved for Serial ATA";
  case 0x18:
    return "Command Duration Limits log"; // ACS-5
  case 0x19:
    return "LBA Status log"; // ACS-3

  case 0x20:
    return "Streaming performance log [OBS-8]";
  case 0x21:
    return "Write stream error log";
  case 0x22:
    return "Read stream error log";
  case 0x23:
    return "Delayed sector log [OBS-8]";
  case 0x24:
    return "Current Device Internal Status Data log"; // ACS-3
  case 0x25:
    return "Saved Device Internal Status Data log"; // ACS-3

  case 0x2f:
    return "Set Sector Configuration"; // ACS-4
  case 0x30:
    return "IDENTIFY DEVICE data log"; // ACS-3

  case 0x42:
    return "Mutate Configurations log"; // ACS-5

  case 0x47:
    return "Concurrent Positioning Ranges log"; // ACS-5

  case 0x53:
    return "Sense Data log"; // ACS-5

  case 0xe0:
    return "SCT Command/Status";
  case 0xe1:
    return "SCT Data Transfer";
  default:
    if (0xa0 <= logaddr && logaddr <= 0xdf)
      return "Device vendor specific log";
    if (0x80 <= logaddr && logaddr <= 0x9f)
      return "Host vendor specific log";
    return "Reserved";
  }
  /*NOTREACHED*/
}

// Get log access permissions
static const char *get_log_rw(unsigned logaddr)
{
  if ((logaddr <= 0x08) || (0x0c <= logaddr && logaddr <= 0x0d) || (0x0f <= logaddr && logaddr <= 0x14) || (0x19 == logaddr) || (0x20 <= logaddr && logaddr <= 0x25) || (0x30 == logaddr) || (0x42 == logaddr) || (0x47 == logaddr) || (0x53 == logaddr))
    return "R/O";

  if ((logaddr <= 0x0a) || (0x15 <= logaddr && logaddr <= 0x16) || (0x18 == logaddr) || (0x80 <= logaddr && logaddr <= 0x9f) || (0xe0 <= logaddr && logaddr <= 0xe1))
    return "R/W";

  if (0xa0 <= logaddr && logaddr <= 0xdf)
    return "VS"; // Vendor specific

  return "-"; // Unknown/Reserved
}

// Init a fake log directory, assume that standard logs are supported
const ata_smart_log_directory *fake_logdir(ata_smart_log_directory *logdir,
                                           const ata_print_options &options)
{
  memset(logdir, 0, sizeof(*logdir));
  logdir->logversion = 255;
  logdir->entry[0x01 - 1].numsectors = 1;
  logdir->entry[0x03 - 1].numsectors = (options.smart_ext_error_log + (4 - 1)) / 4;
  logdir->entry[0x04 - 1].numsectors = 8;
  logdir->entry[0x06 - 1].numsectors = 1;
  logdir->entry[0x07 - 1].numsectors = (options.smart_ext_selftest_log + (19 - 1)) / 19;
  logdir->entry[0x09 - 1].numsectors = 1;
  logdir->entry[0x11 - 1].numsectors = 1;
  return logdir;
}

// Print SMART and/or GP Log Directory
static void PrintLogDirectories(const ata_smart_log_directory *gplogdir,
                                const ata_smart_log_directory *smartlogdir)
{
  json::ref jref = jglb["ata_log_directory"];
  if (gplogdir)
  {
    jout("General Purpose Log Directory Version %u\n", gplogdir->logversion);
    jref["gp_dir_version"] = gplogdir->logversion;
  }
  if (smartlogdir)
  {
    jout("SMART %sLog Directory Version %u%s\n",
         (gplogdir ? "          " : ""), smartlogdir->logversion,
         (smartlogdir->logversion == 1 ? " [multi-sector log support]" : ""));
    jref["smart_dir_version"] = smartlogdir->logversion;
    jref["smart_dir_multi_sector"] = (smartlogdir->logversion == 1);
  }

  jout("Address    Access  R/W   Size  Description\n");

  for (unsigned i = 0, ji = 0; i <= 0xff; i++)
  {
    // Get number of sectors
    unsigned smart_numsect = GetNumLogSectors(smartlogdir, i, false);
    unsigned gp_numsect = GetNumLogSectors(gplogdir, i, true);

    if (!(smart_numsect || gp_numsect))
      continue; // Log does not exist

    const char *acc;
    unsigned size;
    if (smart_numsect == gp_numsect)
    {
      acc = "GPL,SL";
      size = gp_numsect;
    }
    else if (!smart_numsect)
    {
      acc = "GPL";
      size = gp_numsect;
    }
    else if (!gp_numsect)
    {
      acc = "    SL";
      size = smart_numsect;
    }
    else
    {
      acc = 0;
      size = 0;
    }

    unsigned i2 = i;
    if (acc && ((0x80 <= i && i < 0x9f) || (0xa0 <= i && i < 0xdf)))
    {
      // Find range of Host/Device vendor specific logs with same size
      unsigned imax = (i < 0x9f ? 0x9f : 0xdf);
      for (unsigned j = i + 1; j <= imax; j++)
      {
        unsigned sn = GetNumLogSectors(smartlogdir, j, false);
        unsigned gn = GetNumLogSectors(gplogdir, j, true);

        if (!(sn == smart_numsect && gn == gp_numsect))
          break;
        i2 = j;
      }
    }

    const char *name = GetLogName(i);
    const char *rw = get_log_rw(i);

    if (i2 > i)
      jout("0x%02x-0x%02x  %-6s  %-3s  %5u  %s\n", i, i2, acc, rw, size, name);
    else if (acc)
      jout("0x%02x       %-6s  %-3s  %5u  %s\n", i, acc, rw, size, name);
    else
    {
      // GPL and SL support different sizes
      jout("0x%02x       %-6s  %-3s  %5u  %s\n", i, "GPL", rw, gp_numsect, name);
      jout("0x%02x       %-6s  %-3s  %5u  %s\n", i, "SL", rw, smart_numsect, name);
    }

    for (;;)
    {
      json::ref jrefi = jref["table"][ji++];
      jrefi["address"] = i;
      jrefi["name"] = name;
      if (rw[0] == 'R' && rw[1] && rw[2])
      {
        jrefi["read"] = true;
        jrefi["write"] = (rw[2] == 'W');
      }
      if (gp_numsect)
        jrefi["gp_sectors"] = gp_numsect;
      if (smart_numsect)
        jrefi["smart_sectors"] = smart_numsect;
      if (i >= i2)
        break;
      i++;
    }
  }
  jout("\n");
}

// Print hexdump of log pages.
// Format is compatible with 'xxd -r'.
static void PrintLogPages(const char *type, const unsigned char *data,
                          unsigned char logaddr, unsigned page,
                          unsigned num_pages, unsigned max_pages)
{
  pout("%s Log 0x%02x [%s], Page %u-%u (of %u)\n",
       type, logaddr, GetLogName(logaddr), page, page + num_pages - 1, max_pages);
  for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_pages * 512; i += 16)
  {
    const unsigned char *p = data + i;
    pout("%07x: %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x "
         "%02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x ",
         (page * 512) + i,
         p[0], p[1], p[2], p[3], p[4], p[5], p[6], p[7],
         p[8], p[9], p[10], p[11], p[12], p[13], p[14], p[15]);
#define P(n) (' ' <= p[n] && p[n] <= '~' ? (int)p[n] : '.')
    pout("|%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c"
         "%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c|\n",
         P(0), P(1), P(2), P(3), P(4), P(5), P(6), P(7),
         P(8), P(9), P(10), P(11), P(12), P(13), P(14), P(15));
#undef P
    if ((i & 0x1ff) == 0x1f0)
      ;// pout("\n");
  }
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Device statistics (Log 0x04)

// Section A.5 of T13/2161-D (ACS-3) Revision 5, October 28, 2013
// Section 9.5 of T13/BSR INCITS 529 (ACS-4) Revision 20, October 26, 2017

struct devstat_entry_info
{
  short size; // #bytes of value, -1 for signed char
  const char *name;
};

const devstat_entry_info devstat_info_0x00[] = {
    {2, "List of supported log pages"},
    {0, 0}};

const devstat_entry_info devstat_info_0x01[] = {
    {2, "General Statistics"},
    {4, "Lifetime Power-On Resets"},
    {4, "Power-on Hours"},
    {6, "Logical Sectors Written"},
    {6, "Number of Write Commands"},
    {6, "Logical Sectors Read"},
    {6, "Number of Read Commands"},
    {6, "Date and Time TimeStamp"},     // ACS-3
    {4, "Pending Error Count"},         // ACS-4
    {2, "Workload Utilization"},        // ACS-4
    {6, "Utilization Usage Rate"},      // ACS-4 (TODO: 47:40: Validity, 39:36 Basis, 7:0 Usage rate)
    {7, "Resource Availability"},       // ACS-4 (TODO: 55:16 Resources, 15:0 Fraction)
    {1, "Random Write Resources Used"}, // ACS-4
    {0, 0}};

const devstat_entry_info devstat_info_0x02[] = {
    {2, "Free-Fall Statistics"},
    {4, "Number of Free-Fall Events Detected"},
    {4, "Overlimit Shock Events"},
    {0, 0}};

const devstat_entry_info devstat_info_0x03[] = {
    {2, "Rotating Media Statistics"},
    {4, "Spindle Motor Power-on Hours"},
    {4, "Head Flying Hours"},
    {4, "Head Load Events"},
    {4, "Number of Reallocated Logical Sectors"},
    {4, "Read Recovery Attempts"},
    {4, "Number of Mechanical Start Failures"},
    {4, "Number of Realloc. Candidate Logical Sectors"}, // ACS-3
    {4, "Number of High Priority Unload Events"},        // ACS-3
    {0, 0}};

const devstat_entry_info devstat_info_0x04[] = {
    {2, "General Errors Statistics"},
    {4, "Number of Reported Uncorrectable Errors"},
    //{  4, "Number of Resets Between Command Acceptance and Command Completion" },
    {4, "Resets Between Cmd Acceptance and Completion"},
    {4, "Physical Element Status Changed"}, // ACS-4
    {0, 0}};

const devstat_entry_info devstat_info_0x05[] = {
    {2, "Temperature Statistics"},
    {-1, "Current Temperature"},
    {-1, "Average Short Term Temperature"},
    {-1, "Average Long Term Temperature"},
    {-1, "Highest Temperature"},
    {-1, "Lowest Temperature"},
    {-1, "Highest Average Short Term Temperature"},
    {-1, "Lowest Average Short Term Temperature"},
    {-1, "Highest Average Long Term Temperature"},
    {-1, "Lowest Average Long Term Temperature"},
    {4, "Time in Over-Temperature"},
    {-1, "Specified Maximum Operating Temperature"},
    {4, "Time in Under-Temperature"},
    {-1, "Specified Minimum Operating Temperature"},
    {0, 0}};

const devstat_entry_info devstat_info_0x06[] = {
    {2, "Transport Statistics"},
    {4, "Number of Hardware Resets"},
    {4, "Number of ASR Events"},
    {4, "Number of Interface CRC Errors"},
    {0, 0}};

const devstat_entry_info devstat_info_0x07[] = {
    {2, "Solid State Device Statistics"},
    {1, "Percentage Used Endurance Indicator"},
    {0, 0}};

const devstat_entry_info *devstat_infos[] = {
    devstat_info_0x00,
    devstat_info_0x01,
    devstat_info_0x02,
    devstat_info_0x03,
    devstat_info_0x04,
    devstat_info_0x05,
    devstat_info_0x06,
    devstat_info_0x07
    // TODO: 0x08 Zoned Device Statistics (T13/f16136r7, January 2017)
    // TODO: 0x09 Command Duration Limits Statistics (ACS-5 Revision 10, March 2021)
};

const int num_devstat_infos = sizeof(devstat_infos) / sizeof(devstat_infos[0]);

static const char *get_device_statistics_page_name(int page)
{
  if (page < num_devstat_infos)
    return devstat_infos[page][0].name;
  if (page == 0xff)
    return "Vendor Specific Statistics"; // ACS-4
  return "Unknown Statistics";
}

static void set_json_globals_from_device_statistics(int page, int offset, int64_t val)
{
  switch (page)
  {
  case 1:
    switch (offset)
    {
    case 0x008:
      jglb["power_cycle_count"] = val;
      break; // ~= Lifetime Power-On Resets
    case 0x010:
      jglb["power_on_time"]["hours"] = val;
      break;
    }
    break;
  case 5:
    switch (offset)
    {
    case 0x008:
      jglb["temperature"]["current"] = val;
      break;
    case 0x020:
      jglb["temperature"]["lifetime_max"] = val;
      break;
    case 0x028:
      jglb["temperature"]["lifetime_min"] = val;
      break;
    case 0x050:
      jglb["temperature"]["lifetime_over_limit_minutes"] = val;
      break;
    case 0x058:
      jglb["temperature"]["op_limit_max"] = val;
      break;
    case 0x060:
      jglb["temperature"]["lifetime_under_limit_minutes"] = val;
      break;
    case 0x068:
      jglb["temperature"]["op_limit_min"] = val;
      break;
    }
    break;
  }
}

static void print_device_statistics_page(const json::ref &jref, const unsigned char *data, int page)
{
  const devstat_entry_info *info = (page < num_devstat_infos ? devstat_infos[page] : 0);
  const char *name = get_device_statistics_page_name(page);

  // Check page number in header
  static const char line[] = "  =====  =               =  ===  == ";
  if (!data[2])
  {
    pout("0x%02x%s%s (empty) ==\n", page, line, name);
    return;
  }
  if (data[2] != page)
  {
    pout("0x%02x%s%s (invalid page 0x%02x in header) ==\n", page, line, name, data[2]);
    return;
  }

  int rev = data[0] | (data[1] << 8);
  jout("0x%02x%s%s (rev %d) ==\n", page, line, name, rev);
  jref["number"] = page;
  jref["name"] = name;
  jref["revision"] = rev;

  // Print entries
  int ji = 0;
  for (int i = 1, offset = 8; offset < 512 - 7; i++, offset += 8)
  {
    // Check for last known entry
    if (info && !info[i].size)
      info = 0;

    // Skip unsupported entries
    unsigned char flags = data[offset + 7];
    if (!(flags & 0x80))
      continue;

    // Stop if unknown entries contain garbage data due to buggy firmware
    if (!info && (data[offset + 5] || data[offset + 6]))
    {
      pout("0x%02x  0x%03x  -               -  [Trailing garbage ignored]\n", page, offset);
      break;
    }

    // Get value name
    const char *valname = (info ? info[i].name : (page == 0xff) ? "Vendor Specific" // ACS-4
                                                                : "Unknown");

    // Get value size, default to max if unknown
    int size = (info ? info[i].size : 7);

    // Get flags (supported flag already checked above)
    bool valid = !!(flags & 0x40);
    bool normalized = !!(flags & 0x20);
    bool supports_dsn = !!(flags & 0x10);            // ACS-3
    bool monitored_condition_met = !!(flags & 0x08); // ACS-3
    unsigned char reserved_flags = (flags & 0x07);

    // Format value
    int64_t val = 0;
    char valstr[32];
    if (valid)
    {
      // Get value
      if (size < 0)
      {
        val = (signed char)data[offset];
      }
      else
      {
        for (int j = 0; j < size; j++)
          val |= (int64_t)data[offset + j] << (j * 8);
      }
      snprintf(valstr, sizeof(valstr), "%" PRId64, val);
    }
    else
    {
      // Value not known (yet)
      valstr[0] = '-';
      valstr[1] = 0;
    }

    char flagstr[] = {
        (valid ? 'V' : '-'), // JSON only
        (normalized ? 'N' : '-'),
        (supports_dsn ? 'D' : '-'),
        (monitored_condition_met ? 'C' : '-'),
        (reserved_flags ? '+' : ' '),
        0};

    jout("0x%02x  0x%03x  %d %15s  %s %s\n",
         page, offset, abs(size), valstr, flagstr + 1, valname);

    if (!jglb.is_enabled())
      continue;

    json::ref jrefi = jref["table"][ji++];
    jrefi["offset"] = offset;
    jrefi["name"] = valname;
    jrefi["size"] = abs(size);
    if (valid)
      jrefi["value"] = val; // TODO: May be unsafe JSON int if size > 6

    json::ref jreff = jrefi["flags"];
    jreff["value"] = flags;
    jreff["string"] = flagstr;
    jreff["valid"] = valid;
    jreff["normalized"] = normalized;
    jreff["supports_dsn"] = supports_dsn;
    jreff["monitored_condition_met"] = monitored_condition_met;
    if (reserved_flags)
      jreff["other"] = reserved_flags;

    if (valid)
      set_json_globals_from_device_statistics(page, offset, val);
  }
}

static bool print_device_statistics(ata_device *device, unsigned nsectors,
                                    const std::vector<int> &single_pages, bool all_pages, bool ssd_page,
                                    bool use_gplog)
{
  // Read list of supported pages from page 0
  unsigned char page_0[512] = {
      0,
  };
  int rc;

  if (use_gplog)
    rc = ataReadLogExt(device, 0x04, 0, 0, page_0, 1);
  else
    rc = ataReadSmartLog(device, 0x04, page_0, 1);
  if (!rc)
  {
    jerr("Read Device Statistics page 0x00 failed\n\n");
    return false;
  }

  unsigned char nentries = page_0[8];
  if (!(page_0[2] == 0 && nentries > 0))
  {
    jerr("Device Statistics page 0x00 is invalid (page=0x%02x, nentries=%d)\n\n", page_0[2], nentries);
    return false;
  }

  // Prepare list of pages to print
  std::vector<int> pages;
  unsigned i;
  if (all_pages)
  {
    // Add all supported pages
    for (i = 0; i < nentries; i++)
    {
      int page = page_0[8 + 1 + i];
      if (page)
        pages.push_back(page);
    }
    ssd_page = false;
  }
  // Add manually specified pages
  bool print_page_0 = false;
  for (i = 0; i < single_pages.size() || ssd_page; i++)
  {
    int page = (i < single_pages.size() ? single_pages[i] : 0x07);
    if (!page)
      print_page_0 = true;
    else if (page >= (int)nsectors)
      pout("Device Statistics Log has only 0x%02x pages\n", nsectors);
    else
      pages.push_back(page);
    if (page == 0x07)
      ssd_page = false;
  }

  json::ref jref = jglb["ata_device_statistics"];

  // Print list of supported pages if requested
  if (print_page_0)
  {
    pout("Device Statistics (%s Log 0x04) supported pages\n",
         use_gplog ? "GP" : "SMART");
    jout("Page  Description\n");
    for (i = 0; i < nentries; i++)
    {
      int page = page_0[8 + 1 + i];
      const char *name = get_device_statistics_page_name(page);
      jout("0x%02x  %s\n", page, name);
      jref["supported_pages"][i]["number"] = page;
      jref["supported_pages"][i]["name"] = name;
    }
    jout("\n");
  }

  // Read & print pages
  if (!pages.empty())
  {
    pout("Device Statistics (%s Log 0x04)\n",
         use_gplog ? "GP" : "SMART");
    jout("Page  Offset Size        Value Flags Description\n");
    int max_page = 0;

    if (!use_gplog)
      for (i = 0; i < pages.size(); i++)
      {
        int page = pages[i];
        if (max_page < page && page < 0xff)
          max_page = page;
      }

    raw_buffer pages_buf((max_page + 1) * 512);

    if (!use_gplog && !ataReadSmartLog(device, 0x04, pages_buf.data(), max_page + 1))
    {
      jerr("Read Device Statistics pages 0x00-0x%02x failed\n\n", max_page);
      return false;
    }

    int ji = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < pages.size(); i++)
    {
      int page = pages[i];
      if (use_gplog)
      {
        if (!ataReadLogExt(device, 0x04, 0, page, pages_buf.data(), 1))
        {
          jerr("Read Device Statistics page 0x%02x failed\n\n", page);
          return false;
        }
      }
      else if (page > max_page)
        continue;

      int offset = (use_gplog ? 0 : page * 512);
      print_device_statistics_page(jref["pages"][ji++], pages_buf.data() + offset, page);
    }

    jout("%32s|||_ C monitored condition met\n", "");
    jout("%32s||__ D supports DSN\n", "");
    jout("%32s|___ N normalized value\n\n", "");
  }

  return true;
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Pending Defects log (Log 0x0c)

// Section 9.26 of T13/BSR INCITS 529 (ACS-4) Revision 20, October 26, 2017

static bool print_pending_defects_log(ata_device *device, unsigned nsectors,
                                      unsigned max_entries)
{
  // Read #entries from page 0
  unsigned char page_buf[512] = {
      0,
  };
  if (!ataReadLogExt(device, 0x0c, 0, 0, page_buf, 1))
  {
    pout("Read Pending Defects log page 0x00 failed\n\n");
    return false;
  }

  jout("Pending Defects log (GP Log 0x0c)\n");
  unsigned nentries = sg_get_unaligned_le32(page_buf);
  json::ref jref = jglb["ata_pending_defects_log"];
  jref["size"] = nsectors * 32 - 1;
  jref["count"] = nentries;
  if (!nentries)
  {
    jout("No Defects Logged\n\n");
    return true;
  }

  // Print entries
  jout("Index                LBA    Hours\n");
  for (unsigned i = 0, pi = 1, page = 0; i < nentries && i < max_entries; i++, pi++)
  {
    // Read new page if required
    if (pi >= 32)
    {
      if (++page >= nsectors)
      {
        pout("Pending Defects count %u exceeds log size (#pages=%u)\n\n",
             nentries, nsectors);
        return false;
      }
      if (!ataReadLogExt(device, 0x0c, 0, page, page_buf, 1))
      {
        pout("Read Pending Defects log page 0x%02x failed\n\n", page);
        return false;
      }
      pi = 0;
    }

    const unsigned char *entry = page_buf + 16 * pi;
    unsigned hours = sg_get_unaligned_le32(entry);
    char hourstr[32];
    if (hours != 0xffffffffU)
      snprintf(hourstr, sizeof(hourstr), "%u", hours);
    else
      hourstr[0] = '-', hourstr[1] = 0;
    uint64_t lba = sg_get_unaligned_le64(entry + 8);
    jout("%5u %18" PRIu64 " %8s\n", i, lba, hourstr);

    json::ref jrefi = jref["table"][i];
    jrefi["lba"].set_unsafe_uint64(lba);
    if (hours != 0xffffffffU)
      jrefi["power_on_hours"] = hours;
  }

  if (nentries > max_entries)
    pout("... (%u entries not shown)\n", nentries - max_entries);
  jout("\n");
  return true;
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// Print log 0x11
static void PrintSataPhyEventCounters(const unsigned char *data, bool reset)
{
  if (checksum(data))
    checksumwarning("SATA Phy Event Counters");
  jout("SATA Phy Event Counters (GP Log 0x11)\n");
  if (data[0] || data[1] || data[2] || data[3])
    pout("[Reserved: 0x%02x 0x%02x 0x%02x 0x%02x]\n",
         data[0], data[1], data[2], data[3]);
  jout("ID      Size     Value  Description\n");

  for (unsigned i = 4, ji = 0;;)
  {
    // Get counter id and size (bits 14:12)
    unsigned id = data[i] | (data[i + 1] << 8);
    unsigned size = ((id >> 12) & 0x7) << 1;
    id &= 0x8fff;

    // End of counter table ?
    if (!id)
      break;
    i += 2;

    if (!(2 <= size && size <= 8 && i + size < 512))
    {
      pout("0x%04x  %u: Invalid entry\n", id, size);
      break;
    }

    // Get value
    uint64_t val = 0, max_val = 0;
    for (unsigned j = 0; j < size; j += 2)
    {
      val |= (uint64_t)(data[i + j] | (data[i + j + 1] << 8)) << (j * 8);
      max_val |= (uint64_t)0xffffU << (j * 8);
    }
    i += size;

    // Get name
    const char *name;
    switch (id)
    {
    case 0x001:
      name = "Command failed due to ICRC error";
      break; // Mandatory
    case 0x002:
      name = "R_ERR response for data FIS";
      break;
    case 0x003:
      name = "R_ERR response for device-to-host data FIS";
      break;
    case 0x004:
      name = "R_ERR response for host-to-device data FIS";
      break;
    case 0x005:
      name = "R_ERR response for non-data FIS";
      break;
    case 0x006:
      name = "R_ERR response for device-to-host non-data FIS";
      break;
    case 0x007:
      name = "R_ERR response for host-to-device non-data FIS";
      break;
    case 0x008:
      name = "Device-to-host non-data FIS retries";
      break;
    case 0x009:
      name = "Transition from drive PhyRdy to drive PhyNRdy";
      break;
    case 0x00A:
      name = "Device-to-host register FISes sent due to a COMRESET";
      break; // Mandatory
    case 0x00B:
      name = "CRC errors within host-to-device FIS";
      break;
    case 0x00D:
      name = "Non-CRC errors within host-to-device FIS";
      break;
    case 0x00F:
      name = "R_ERR response for host-to-device data FIS, CRC";
      break;
    case 0x010:
      name = "R_ERR response for host-to-device data FIS, non-CRC";
      break;
    case 0x012:
      name = "R_ERR response for host-to-device non-data FIS, CRC";
      break;
    case 0x013:
      name = "R_ERR response for host-to-device non-data FIS, non-CRC";
      break;
    default:
      name = ((id & 0x8000) ? "Vendor specific" : "Unknown");
      break;
    }

    // Counters stop at max value, add '+' in this case
    jout("0x%04x  %u %12" PRIu64 "%c %s\n", id, size, val,
         (val == max_val ? '+' : ' '), name);

    json::ref jref = jglb["sata_phy_event_counters"]["table"][ji++];
    jref["id"] = id;
    jref["name"] = name;
    jref["size"] = size;
    jref["value"] = val;
    jref["overflow"] = (val == max_val);
  }
  if (reset)
    jout("All counters reset\n");
  jout("\n");
  jglb["sata_phy_event_counters"]["reset"] = reset;
}

// Format milliseconds from error log entry as "DAYS+H:M:S.MSEC"
static std::string format_milliseconds(unsigned msec)
{
  unsigned days = msec / 86400000U;
  msec -= days * 86400000U;
  unsigned hours = msec / 3600000U;
  msec -= hours * 3600000U;
  unsigned min = msec / 60000U;
  msec -= min * 60000U;
  unsigned sec = msec / 1000U;
  msec -= sec * 1000U;

  std::string str;
  if (days)
    str = strprintf("%2ud+", days);
  str += strprintf("%02u:%02u:%02u.%03u", hours, min, sec, msec);
  return str;
}

// Get description for 'state' value from SMART Error Logs
static const char *get_error_log_state_desc(unsigned state)
{
  state &= 0x0f;
  switch (state)
  {
  case 0x0:
    return "in an unknown state";
  case 0x1:
    return "sleeping";
  case 0x2:
    return "in standby mode";
  case 0x3:
    return "active or idle";
  case 0x4:
    return "doing SMART Offline or Self-test";
  default:
    return (state < 0xb ? "in a reserved state"
                        : "in a vendor specific state");
  }
}

// returns number of errors
static int PrintSmartErrorlog(const ata_smart_errorlog *data,
                              firmwarebug_defs firmwarebugs)
{
  json::ref jref = jglb["ata_smart_error_log"]["summary"];
  jout("SMART Error Log Version: %d\n", (int)data->revnumber);
  jref["revision"] = data->revnumber;

  // if no errors logged, return
  if (!data->error_log_pointer)
  {
    jout("No Errors Logged\n\n");
    jref["count"] = 0;
    return 0;
  }
  print_on();
  // If log pointer out of range, return
  if (data->error_log_pointer > 5)
  {
    pout("Invalid Error Log index = 0x%02x (T13/1321D rev 1c "
         "Section 8.41.6.8.2.2 gives valid range from 1 to 5)\n\n",
         (int)data->error_log_pointer);
    return 0;
  }

  // Some internal consistency checking of the data structures
  if ((data->ata_error_count - data->error_log_pointer) % 5 && !firmwarebugs.is_set(BUG_SAMSUNG2))
  {
    pout("Warning: ATA error count %d inconsistent with error log pointer %d\n\n",
         data->ata_error_count, data->error_log_pointer);
  }

  // starting printing error log info
  if (data->ata_error_count <= 5)
    jout("ATA Error Count: %d\n", (int)data->ata_error_count);
  else
    jout("ATA Error Count: %d (device log contains only the most recent five errors)\n",
         (int)data->ata_error_count);
  jref["count"] = data->ata_error_count;
  jref["logged_count"] = (data->ata_error_count <= 5 ? data->ata_error_count : 5);

  print_off();
  jout("\tCR = Command Register [HEX]\n"
       "\tFR = Features Register [HEX]\n"
       "\tSC = Sector Count Register [HEX]\n"
       "\tSN = Sector Number Register [HEX]\n"
       "\tCL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]\n"
       "\tCH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]\n"
       "\tDH = Device/Head Register [HEX]\n"
       "\tDC = Device Command Register [HEX]\n"
       "\tER = Error register [HEX]\n"
       "\tST = Status register [HEX]\n"
       "Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as\n"
       "DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,\n"
       "SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It \"wraps\" after 49.710 days.\n\n");

  // now step through the five error log data structures (table 39 of spec)
  for (int k = 4, ji = 0; k >= 0; k--)
  {

    // The error log data structure entries are a circular buffer
    int i = (data->error_log_pointer + k) % 5;
    const ata_smart_errorlog_struct *elog = data->errorlog_struct + i;
    const ata_smart_errorlog_error_struct *summary = &(elog->error_struct);

    // Spec says: unused error log structures shall be zero filled
    if (nonempty(elog, sizeof(*elog)))
    {
      // Table 57 of T13/1532D Volume 1 Revision 3
      const char *msgstate = get_error_log_state_desc(summary->state);
      int days = (int)summary->timestamp / 24;

      // See table 42 of ATA5 spec
      print_on();
      jout("Error %d occurred at disk power-on lifetime: %d hours (%d days + %d hours)\n",
           (int)(data->ata_error_count + k - 4), (int)summary->timestamp, days, (int)(summary->timestamp - 24 * days));
      print_off();

      json::ref jrefi = jref["table"][ji++];
      jrefi["error_number"] = data->ata_error_count + k - 4;
      jrefi["lifetime_hours"] = summary->timestamp;

      jout("  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was %s.\n\n", msgstate);
      jout("  After command completion occurred, registers were:\n"
           "  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH\n"
           "  -- -- -- -- -- -- --\n"
           "  %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x",
           (int)summary->error_register,
           (int)summary->status,
           (int)summary->sector_count,
           (int)summary->sector_number,
           (int)summary->cylinder_low,
           (int)summary->cylinder_high,
           (int)summary->drive_head);

      {
        json::ref jrefir = jrefi["completion_registers"];
        jrefir["error"] = summary->error_register;
        jrefir["status"] = summary->status;
        jrefir["count"] = summary->sector_count;
        jrefir["lba"] = (summary->sector_number) | (summary->cylinder_low << 8) | (summary->cylinder_high << 16);
        jrefir["device"] = summary->drive_head;
      }

      // Add a description of the contents of the status and error registers
      // if possible
      std::string st_er_desc = format_st_er_desc(elog);
      if (!st_er_desc.empty())
      {
        jout("  %s", st_er_desc.c_str());
        jrefi["error_description"] = st_er_desc;
      }
      jout("\n\n");
      jout("  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:\n"
           "  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name\n"
           "  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------\n");
      for (int j = 4, jj = 0; j >= 0; j--)
      {
        const ata_smart_errorlog_command_struct *thiscommand = elog->commands + j;

        // Spec says: unused data command structures shall be zero filled
        if (nonempty(thiscommand, sizeof(*thiscommand)))
        {
          const char *atacmd = look_up_ata_command(thiscommand->commandreg, thiscommand->featuresreg);
          jout("  %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x  %16s  %s\n",
               (int)thiscommand->commandreg,
               (int)thiscommand->featuresreg,
               (int)thiscommand->sector_count,
               (int)thiscommand->sector_number,
               (int)thiscommand->cylinder_low,
               (int)thiscommand->cylinder_high,
               (int)thiscommand->drive_head,
               (int)thiscommand->devicecontrolreg,
               format_milliseconds(thiscommand->timestamp).c_str(),
               atacmd);

          json::ref jrefic = jrefi["previous_commands"][jj++];
          json::ref jreficr = jrefic["registers"];
          jreficr["command"] = thiscommand->commandreg;
          jreficr["features"] = thiscommand->featuresreg,
          jreficr["count"] = thiscommand->sector_count;
          jreficr["lba"] = (thiscommand->sector_number) | (thiscommand->cylinder_low << 8) | (thiscommand->cylinder_high << 16);
          jreficr["device"] = thiscommand->drive_head;
          jreficr["device_control"] = thiscommand->devicecontrolreg;
          jrefic["powerup_milliseconds"] = thiscommand->timestamp;
          jrefic["command_name"] = atacmd;
        }
      }
      jout("\n");
    }
  }
  print_on();
  if (printing_is_switchable)
    // pout("\n");
  print_off();
  return data->ata_error_count;
}

// Print SMART Extended Comprehensive Error Log (GP Log 0x03)
static int PrintSmartExtErrorLog(ata_device *device,
                                 const firmwarebug_defs &firmwarebugs,
                                 const ata_smart_exterrlog *log,
                                 unsigned nsectors, unsigned max_errors)
{
  json::ref jref = jglb["ata_smart_error_log"]["extended"];
  jout("SMART Extended Comprehensive Error Log Version: %u (%u sectors)\n",
       log->version, nsectors);
  jref["revision"] = log->version;
  jref["sectors"] = nsectors;

  if (!log->device_error_count)
  {
    jout("No Errors Logged\n\n");
    jref["count"] = 0;
    return 0;
  }
  print_on();

  // Check index
  unsigned nentries = nsectors * 4;
  unsigned erridx = log->error_log_index;
  if (!(1 <= erridx && erridx <= nentries))
  {
    // Some Samsung disks (at least SP1614C/SW100-25, HD300LJ/ZT100-12) use the
    // former index from Summary Error Log (byte 1, now reserved) and set byte 2-3
    // to 0.
    if (!(erridx == 0 && 1 <= log->reserved1 && log->reserved1 <= nentries))
    {
      pout("Invalid Error Log index = 0x%04x (reserved = 0x%02x)\n", erridx, log->reserved1);
      return 0;
    }
    pout("Invalid Error Log index = 0x%04x, trying reserved byte (0x%02x) instead\n", erridx, log->reserved1);
    erridx = log->reserved1;
  }

  // Index base is not clearly specified by ATA8-ACS (T13/1699-D Revision 6a),
  // it is 1-based in practice.
  erridx--;

  // Calculate #errors to print
  unsigned errcnt = log->device_error_count;

  if (errcnt <= nentries)
    jout("Device Error Count: %u\n", log->device_error_count);
  else
  {
    errcnt = nentries;
    jout("Device Error Count: %u (device log contains only the most recent %u errors)\n",
         log->device_error_count, errcnt);
  }
  jref["count"] = log->device_error_count;
  jref["logged_count"] = errcnt;

  if (max_errors < errcnt)
    errcnt = max_errors;

  print_off();
  jout("\tCR     = Command Register\n"
       "\tFEATR  = Features Register\n"
       "\tCOUNT  = Count (was: Sector Count) Register\n"
       "\tLBA_48 = Upper bytes of LBA High/Mid/Low Registers ]  ATA-8\n"
       "\tLH     = LBA High (was: Cylinder High) Register    ]   LBA\n"
       "\tLM     = LBA Mid (was: Cylinder Low) Register      ] Register\n"
       "\tLL     = LBA Low (was: Sector Number) Register     ]\n"
       "\tDV     = Device (was: Device/Head) Register\n"
       "\tDC     = Device Control Register\n"
       "\tER     = Error register\n"
       "\tST     = Status register\n"
       "Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as\n"
       "DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,\n"
       "SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It \"wraps\" after 49.710 days.\n\n");

  // Recently read log page
  ata_smart_exterrlog log_buf;
  unsigned log_buf_page = ~0;

  // Iterate through circular buffer in reverse direction
  for (unsigned i = 0, errnum = log->device_error_count;
       i < errcnt; i++, errnum--, erridx = (erridx > 0 ? erridx - 1 : nentries - 1))
  {

    // Read log page if needed
    const ata_smart_exterrlog *log_p;
    unsigned page = erridx / 4;
    if (page == 0)
      log_p = log;
    else
    {
      if (page != log_buf_page)
      {
        memset(&log_buf, 0, sizeof(log_buf));
        if (!ataReadExtErrorLog(device, &log_buf, page, 1, firmwarebugs))
          break;
        log_buf_page = page;
      }
      log_p = &log_buf;
    }

    const ata_smart_exterrlog_error_log &entry = log_p->error_logs[erridx % 4];

    json::ref jrefi = jref["table"][i];
    jrefi["error_number"] = errnum;
    jrefi["log_index"] = erridx;

    // Skip unused entries
    if (!nonempty(&entry, sizeof(entry)))
    {
      jout("Error %u [%u] log entry is empty\n", errnum, erridx);
      continue;
    }

    // Print error information
    print_on();
    const ata_smart_exterrlog_error &err = entry.error;
    jout("Error %u [%u] occurred at disk power-on lifetime: %u hours (%u days + %u hours)\n",
         errnum, erridx, err.timestamp, err.timestamp / 24, err.timestamp % 24);
    print_off();
    jrefi["lifetime_hours"] = err.timestamp;

    const char *msgstate = get_error_log_state_desc(err.state);
    jout("  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was %s.\n\n", msgstate);
    jrefi["device_state"]["value"] = err.state;
    jrefi["device_state"]["string"] = msgstate;

    // Print registers
    jout("  After command completion occurred, registers were:\n"
         "  ER -- ST COUNT  LBA_48  LH LM LL DV DC\n"
         "  -- -- -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- --\n"
         "  %02x -- %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x",
         err.error_register,
         err.status_register,
         err.count_register_hi,
         err.count_register,
         err.lba_high_register_hi,
         err.lba_mid_register_hi,
         err.lba_low_register_hi,
         err.lba_high_register,
         err.lba_mid_register,
         err.lba_low_register,
         err.device_register,
         err.device_control_register);

    {
      json::ref jrefir = jrefi["completion_registers"];
      jrefir["error"] = err.error_register;
      jrefir["status"] = err.status_register,
      jrefir["count"] = (err.count_register_hi << 8) | err.count_register;
      jrefir["lba"] = ((uint64_t)err.lba_high_register_hi << 40) | ((uint64_t)err.lba_mid_register_hi << 32) | ((uint64_t)err.lba_low_register_hi << 24) | ((unsigned)err.lba_high_register << 16) | ((unsigned)err.lba_mid_register << 8) | ((unsigned)err.lba_low_register);
      jrefir["device"] = err.device_register;
      jrefir["device_control"] = err.device_control_register;
    }

    // Add a description of the contents of the status and error registers
    // if possible
    std::string st_er_desc = format_st_er_desc(&entry);
    if (!st_er_desc.empty())
    {
      jout("  %s", st_er_desc.c_str());
      jrefi["error_description"] = st_er_desc;
    }
    jout("\n\n");

    // Print command history
    jout("  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:\n"
         "  CR FEATR COUNT  LBA_48  LH LM LL DV DC  Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name\n"
         "  -- == -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- --  ---------------  --------------------\n");
    for (int ci = 4, cji = 0; ci >= 0; ci--)
    {
      const ata_smart_exterrlog_command &cmd = entry.commands[ci];

      // Skip unused entries
      if (!nonempty(&cmd, sizeof(cmd)))
        continue;

      // Print registers, timestamp and ATA command name
      const char *atacmd = look_up_ata_command(cmd.command_register, cmd.features_register);
      jout("  %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %16s  %s\n",
           cmd.command_register,
           cmd.features_register_hi,
           cmd.features_register,
           cmd.count_register_hi,
           cmd.count_register,
           cmd.lba_high_register_hi,
           cmd.lba_mid_register_hi,
           cmd.lba_low_register_hi,
           cmd.lba_high_register,
           cmd.lba_mid_register,
           cmd.lba_low_register,
           cmd.device_register,
           cmd.device_control_register,
           format_milliseconds(cmd.timestamp).c_str(),
           atacmd);

      json::ref jrefic = jrefi["previous_commands"][cji++];
      json::ref jreficr = jrefic["registers"];
      jreficr["command"] = cmd.command_register;
      jreficr["features"] = (cmd.features_register_hi << 8) | cmd.features_register;
      jreficr["count"] = (cmd.count_register_hi << 8) | cmd.count_register;
      jreficr["lba"] = ((uint64_t)cmd.lba_high_register_hi << 40) | ((uint64_t)cmd.lba_mid_register_hi << 32) | ((uint64_t)cmd.lba_low_register_hi << 24) | ((unsigned)cmd.lba_high_register << 16) | ((unsigned)cmd.lba_mid_register << 8) | ((unsigned)cmd.lba_low_register);
      jreficr["device"] = cmd.device_register;
      jreficr["device_control"] = cmd.device_control_register;
      jrefic["powerup_milliseconds"] = cmd.timestamp;
      jrefic["command_name"] = atacmd;
    }
    jout("\n");
  }

  print_on();
  if (printing_is_switchable)
    // pout("\n");
  print_off();
  return log->device_error_count;
}

// Print one self-test log entry.
// Returns:
// -1: self-test failed
//  1: extended self-test completed without error
//  0: otherwise
static int ataPrintSmartSelfTestEntry(const json::ref &jref,
                                      unsigned testnum, unsigned char test_type,
                                      unsigned char test_status,
                                      unsigned short timestamp,
                                      uint64_t failing_lba,
                                      bool print_error_only, bool &print_header)
{
  // Check status and type for return value
  int retval = 0;
  switch (test_status >> 4)
  {
  case 0x0:
    if ((test_type & 0x7f) == 0x02)
      retval = 1; // extended self-test completed without error
    break;
  case 0x3:
  case 0x4:
  case 0x5:
  case 0x6:
  case 0x7:
  case 0x8:
    retval = -1; // self-test failed
    break;
  }

  if (retval >= 0 && print_error_only)
    return retval;

  std::string msgtest;
  switch (test_type)
  {
  case 0x00:
    msgtest = "Offline";
    break;
  case 0x01:
    msgtest = "Short offline";
    break;
  case 0x02:
    msgtest = "Extended offline";
    break;
  case 0x03:
    msgtest = "Conveyance offline";
    break;
  case 0x04:
    msgtest = "Selective offline";
    break;
  case 0x7f:
    msgtest = "Abort offline test";
    break;
  case 0x81:
    msgtest = "Short captive";
    break;
  case 0x82:
    msgtest = "Extended captive";
    break;
  case 0x83:
    msgtest = "Conveyance captive";
    break;
  case 0x84:
    msgtest = "Selective captive";
    break;
  default:
    if ((0x40 <= test_type && test_type <= 0x7e) || 0x90 <= test_type)
      msgtest = strprintf("Vendor (0x%02x)", test_type);
    else
      msgtest = strprintf("Reserved (0x%02x)", test_type);
  }

  std::string msgstat;
  switch (test_status >> 4)
  {
  case 0x0:
    msgstat = "Completed without error";
    break;
  case 0x1:
    msgstat = "Aborted by host";
    break;
  case 0x2:
    msgstat = "Interrupted (host reset)";
    break;
  case 0x3:
    msgstat = "Fatal or unknown error";
    break;
  case 0x4:
    msgstat = "Completed: unknown failure";
    break;
  case 0x5:
    msgstat = "Completed: electrical failure";
    break;
  case 0x6:
    msgstat = "Completed: servo/seek failure";
    break;
  case 0x7:
    msgstat = "Completed: read failure";
    break;
  case 0x8:
    msgstat = "Completed: handling damage??";
    break;
  case 0xf:
    msgstat = "Self-test routine in progress";
    break;
  default:
    msgstat = strprintf("Unknown status (0x%x)", test_status >> 4);
  }

  // Print header once
  if (print_header)
  {
    print_header = false;
    jout("Num  Test_Description    Status                  Remaining  LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error\n");
  }

  char msglba[32];
  if (retval < 0 && failing_lba < 0xffffffffffffULL)
    snprintf(msglba, sizeof(msglba), "%" PRIu64, failing_lba);
  else
  {
    msglba[0] = '-';
    msglba[1] = 0;
  }

  jout("#%2u  %-19s %-29s %1d0%%  %8u         %s\n", testnum,
       msgtest.c_str(), msgstat.c_str(), test_status & 0x0f, timestamp, msglba);

  jref["type"]["value"] = test_type;
  jref["type"]["string"] = msgtest;

  jref["status"]["value"] = test_status;
  jref["status"]["string"] = msgstat;
  if (test_status & 0x0f)
    jref["status"]["remaining_percent"] = (test_status & 0x0f) * 10;
  switch (test_status >> 4)
  {
  case 0x1:
  case 0x2:
  case 0x3:
    break; // aborted -> unknown
  default:
    jref["status"]["passed"] = (retval >= 0);
  }

  jref["lifetime_hours"] = timestamp;

  if (retval < 0 && failing_lba < 0xffffffffffffULL)
    jref["lba"] = failing_lba;

  return retval;
}

// Print SMART Self-test log, return error count
static int ataPrintSmartSelfTestlog(const ata_smart_selftestlog *log, bool allentries,
                                    firmwarebug_defs firmwarebugs)
{
  json::ref jref = jglb["ata_smart_self_test_log"]["standard"];

  if (allentries)
    jout("SMART Self-test log structure revision number %d\n", log->revnumber);
  jref["revision"] = log->revnumber;
  if (log->revnumber != 0x0001 && allentries && !firmwarebugs.is_set(BUG_SAMSUNG))
    pout("Warning: ATA Specification requires self-test log structure revision number = 1\n");
  if (!log->mostrecenttest)
  {
    if (allentries)
      jout("No self-tests have been logged.  [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]\n");
    jref["count"] = 0;
    return 0;
  }

  bool noheaderprinted = true;
  int errcnt = 0, igncnt = 0;
  int testnum = 1, ext_ok_testnum = -1;

  // Iterate through circular buffer in reverse direction
  for (int i = 20, ji = 0; i >= 0; i--)
  {
    int j = (i + log->mostrecenttest) % 21;
    const ata_smart_selftestlog_struct &entry = log->selftest_struct[j];

    // Skip unused entries
    if (!nonempty(&entry, sizeof(entry)))
      continue;

    // Get LBA if valid
    uint64_t lba48 = (entry.lbafirstfailure < 0xffffffff ? entry.lbafirstfailure : 0xffffffffffffULL);

    // Print entry
    int state = ataPrintSmartSelfTestEntry(jref["table"][ji++],
                                           testnum, entry.selftestnumber, entry.selfteststatus,
                                           entry.timestamp, lba48, !allentries, noheaderprinted);

    if (state < 0)
    {
      // Self-test showed an error
      if (ext_ok_testnum < 0)
        errcnt++;
      else
        // Newer successful extended self-test exits
        igncnt++;
    }
    else if (state > 0 && ext_ok_testnum < 0)
    {
      // Latest successful extended self-test
      ext_ok_testnum = testnum;
    }
    testnum++;
  }

  if (igncnt)
    jout("%d of %d failed self-tests are outdated by newer successful extended offline self-test #%2d\n",
         igncnt, igncnt + errcnt, ext_ok_testnum);
  jref["count"] = testnum - 1;
  jref["error_count_total"] = igncnt + errcnt;
  jref["error_count_outdated"] = igncnt;

  if (!allentries && !noheaderprinted)
    jout("\n");

  return errcnt;
}

// Print SMART Extended Self-test Log (GP Log 0x07)
static int PrintSmartExtSelfTestLog(const ata_smart_extselftestlog *log,
                                    unsigned nsectors, unsigned max_entries)
{
  json::ref jref = jglb["ata_smart_self_test_log"]["extended"];

  jout("SMART Extended Self-test Log Version: %u (%u sectors)\n",
       log->version, nsectors);
  jref["revision"] = log->version;
  jref["sectors"] = nsectors;

  if (!log->log_desc_index)
  {
    jout("No self-tests have been logged.  [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]\n\n");
    jref["count"] = 0;
    return 0;
  }

  // Check index
  unsigned nentries = nsectors * 19;
  unsigned logidx = log->log_desc_index;
  if (logidx > nentries)
  {
    pout("Invalid Self-test Log index = 0x%04x (reserved = 0x%02x)\n", logidx, log->reserved1);
    return 0;
  }

  // Index base is not clearly specified by ATA8-ACS (T13/1699-D Revision 6a),
  // it is 1-based in practice.
  logidx--;

  bool print_header = true;
  int errcnt = 0, igncnt = 0;
  int ext_ok_testnum = -1;
  unsigned testnum = 1;

  // Iterate through circular buffer in reverse direction
  for (unsigned i = 0, ji = 0; i < nentries && testnum <= max_entries;
       i++, logidx = (logidx > 0 ? logidx - 1 : nentries - 1))
  {

    const ata_smart_extselftestlog_desc &entry = log[logidx / 19].log_descs[logidx % 19];

    // Skip unused entries
    if (!nonempty(&entry, sizeof(entry)))
      continue;

    // Get LBA
    const unsigned char *b = entry.failing_lba;
    uint64_t lba48 = b[0] | (b[1] << 8) | (b[2] << 16) | ((uint64_t)b[3] << 24) | ((uint64_t)b[4] << 32) | ((uint64_t)b[5] << 40);

    // Print entry
    int state = ataPrintSmartSelfTestEntry(jref["table"][ji++],
                                           testnum, entry.self_test_type,
                                           entry.self_test_status, entry.timestamp, lba48,
                                           false /*!print_error_only*/, print_header);

    if (state < 0)
    {
      // Self-test showed an error
      if (ext_ok_testnum < 0)
        errcnt++;
      else
        // Newer successful extended self-test exits
        igncnt++;
    }
    else if (state > 0 && ext_ok_testnum < 0)
    {
      // Latest successful extended self-test
      ext_ok_testnum = testnum;
    }
    testnum++;
  }

  if (igncnt)
    jout("%d of %d failed self-tests are outdated by newer successful extended offline self-test #%2d\n",
         igncnt, igncnt + errcnt, ext_ok_testnum);
  jref["count"] = testnum - 1;
  jref["error_count_total"] = igncnt + errcnt;
  jref["error_count_outdated"] = igncnt;

  jout("\n");
  return errcnt;
}

static void ataPrintSelectiveSelfTestLog(const ata_selective_self_test_log *log, const ata_smart_values *sv)
{
  json::ref jref = jglb["ata_smart_selective_self_test_log"];

  // print data structure revision number
  jout("SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number %d\n", log->logversion);
  jref["revision"] = log->logversion;
  if (1 != log->logversion)
    pout("Note: revision number not 1 implies that no selective self-test has ever been run\n");

  const char *msg;
  switch ((sv->self_test_exec_status) >> 4)
  {
  case 0:
    msg = "Completed";
    break;
  case 1:
    msg = "Aborted_by_host";
    break;
  case 2:
    msg = "Interrupted";
    break;
  case 3:
    msg = "Fatal_error";
    break;
  case 4:
    msg = "Completed_unknown_failure";
    break;
  case 5:
    msg = "Completed_electrical_failure";
    break;
  case 6:
    msg = "Completed_servo/seek_failure";
    break;
  case 7:
    msg = "Completed_read_failure";
    break;
  case 8:
    msg = "Completed_handling_damage??";
    break;
  case 15:
    msg = "Self_test_in_progress";
    break;
  default:
    msg = "Unknown_status ";
    break;
  }

  // find the number of columns needed for printing. If in use, the
  // start/end of span being read-scanned...
  uint64_t maxl = 0, maxr = 0;
  uint64_t current = log->currentlba;
  uint64_t currentend = current + 0xffff;
  if (log->currentspan > 5)
  {
    maxl = current;
    maxr = currentend;
  }
  for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
  {
    uint64_t start = log->span[i].start;
    uint64_t end = log->span[i].end;
    // ... plus max start/end of each of the five test spans.
    if (start > maxl)
      maxl = start;
    if (end > maxr)
      maxr = end;
  }

  // we need at least 7 characters wide fields to accommodate the
  // labels
  int field1, field2;
  char tmp[64];
  if ((field1 = snprintf(tmp, 64, "%" PRIu64, maxl)) < 7)
    field1 = 7;
  if ((field2 = snprintf(tmp, 64, "%" PRIu64, maxr)) < 7)
    field2 = 7;

  // now print the five test spans
  jout(" SPAN  %*s  %*s  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS\n", field1, "MIN_LBA", field2, "MAX_LBA");

  for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
  {
    uint64_t start = log->span[i].start;
    uint64_t end = log->span[i].end;
    bool active = (i + 1 == log->currentspan);

    if (active)
      // this span is currently under test
      jout("    %d  %*" PRIu64 "  %*" PRIu64 "  %s [%01d0%% left] (%" PRIu64 "-%" PRIu64 ")\n",
           i + 1, field1, start, field2, end, msg,
           (sv->self_test_exec_status & 0xf), current, currentend);
    else
      // this span is not currently under test
      jout("    %d  %*" PRIu64 "  %*" PRIu64 "  Not_testing\n",
           i + 1, field1, start, field2, end);

    json::ref jrefi = jref["table"][i];
    jrefi["lba_min"] = start;
    jrefi["lba_max"] = end;
    jrefi["status"]["value"] = sv->self_test_exec_status;
    jrefi["status"]["string"] = (active ? msg : "Not_testing");
    if (active)
    {
      jrefi["status"]["remaining_percent"] = sv->self_test_exec_status & 0xf;
      jrefi["current_lba_min"] = current;
      jrefi["current_lba_max"] = currentend;
    }
  }

  // if we are currently read-scanning, print LBAs and the status of
  // the read scan
  if (log->currentspan > 5)
  {
    const char *ost = OfflineDataCollectionStatus(sv->offline_data_collection_status);
    jout("%5d  %*" PRIu64 "  %*" PRIu64 "  Read_scanning %s\n",
         log->currentspan, field1, current, field2, currentend, ost);
    json::ref jrefc = jref["current_read_scan"];
    jrefc["lba_min"] = current;
    jrefc["lba_max"] = currentend;
    jrefc["status"]["value"] = sv->offline_data_collection_status;
    jrefc["status"]["string"] = ost;
  }

  /* Print selective self-test flags.  Possible flag combinations are
     (numbering bits from 0-15):
     Bit-1 Bit-3   Bit-4
     Scan  Pending Active
     0     *       *       Don't scan
     1     0       0       Will carry out scan after selective test
     1     1       0       Waiting to carry out scan after powerup
     1     0       1       Currently scanning
     1     1       1       Currently scanning
  */

  jout("Selective self-test flags (0x%x):\n", (unsigned)log->flags);
  json::ref jreff = jref["flags"];
  jreff["value"] = log->flags;
  jreff["remainder_scan_enabled"] = !!(log->flags & SELECTIVE_FLAG_DOSCAN);
  if (log->flags & SELECTIVE_FLAG_DOSCAN)
  {
    if (log->flags & SELECTIVE_FLAG_ACTIVE)
      jout("  Currently read-scanning the remainder of the disk.\n");
    else if (log->flags & SELECTIVE_FLAG_PENDING)
      jout("  Read-scan of remainder of disk interrupted; will resume %d min after power-up.\n",
           log->pendingtime);
    else
      jout("  After scanning selected spans, read-scan remainder of disk.\n");
    jreff["remainder_scan_active"] = !!(log->flags & SELECTIVE_FLAG_ACTIVE);
    jreff["power_up_scan_pending"] = !!(log->flags & SELECTIVE_FLAG_PENDING);
  }
  else
    jout("  After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.\n");

  // print pending time
  jout("If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after %d minute delay.\n",
       log->pendingtime);
  jref["power_up_scan_resume_minutes"] = log->pendingtime;
}

// Format SCT Temperature value
static const char *sct_ptemp(signed char x, char (&buf)[20])
{
  if (x == -128 /*0x80 = unknown*/)
    return " ?";
  snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%2d", x);
  return buf;
}

static void sct_jtemp2(const json::ref &jref, const char *name, signed char x)
{
  if (x == -128 /*0x80 = unknown*/)
    return;
  jglb["temperature"][name] = x;
  jref["temperature"][name] = x;
}

static const char *sct_pbar(int x, char (&buf)[64])
{
  if (x <= 19)
    x = 0;
  else
    x -= 19;
  bool ov = false;
  if (x > 40)
  {
    x = 40;
    ov = true;
  }
  if (x > 0)
  {
    memset(buf, '*', x);
    if (ov)
      buf[x - 1] = '+';
    buf[x] = 0;
  }
  else
  {
    buf[0] = '-';
    buf[1] = 0;
  }
  return buf;
}

static const char *sct_device_state_msg(unsigned char state)
{
  switch (state)
  {
  case 0:
    return "Active";
  case 1:
    return "Stand-by";
  case 2:
    return "Sleep";
  case 3:
    return "DST executing in background";
  case 4:
    return "SMART Off-line Data Collection executing in background";
  case 5:
    return "SCT command executing in background";
  default:
    return "Unknown";
  }
}

// Print SCT Status
static int ataPrintSCTStatus(const ata_sct_status_response *sts)
{
  json::ref jref = jglb["ata_sct_status"];

  jout("SCT Status Version:                  %u\n", sts->format_version);
  jref["format_version"] = sts->format_version;
  jout("SCT Version (vendor specific):       %u (0x%04x)\n", sts->sct_version, sts->sct_version);
  jref["sct_version"] = sts->sct_version;
  // SCT Support Level (1) from original SCT draft was later declared obsolete in ATA-8 ACS.
  // Drives typically return 0 or 1.  Print only if unknown value is returned.
  if (sts->sct_spec > 1)
    pout("SCT Support Level:                   %u\n", sts->sct_spec);
  const char *statestr = sct_device_state_msg(sts->device_state);
  jout("Device State:                        %s (%u)\n", statestr, sts->device_state);
  jref["device_state"]["value"] = sts->device_state;
  jref["device_state"]["string"] = statestr;

  // If "Reserved" fields not set, assume "old" format version 2:
  // Table 11 of T13/1701DT-N (SMART Command Transport) Revision 5, February 2005
  // Table 54 of T13/1699-D (ATA8-ACS) Revision 3e, July 2006
  // ... else assume "new" format version 2 or version 3:
  // T13/e06152r0-3 (Additional SCT Temperature Statistics), August - October 2006
  // Table 60 of T13/1699-D (ATA8-ACS) Revision 3f, December 2006  (format version 2)
  // Table 80 of T13/1699-D (ATA8-ACS) Revision 6a, September 2008 (format version 3)
  // Table 194 of T13/BSR INCITS 529 (ACS-4) Revision 20, October 26, 2017
  // (max_op_limit, smart_status, min_erc_time)
  bool old_format_2 = (!sts->min_temp && !sts->life_min_temp && !sts->under_limit_count && !sts->over_limit_count);

  char buf1[20], buf2[20];
  jout("Current Temperature:                    %s Celsius\n",
       sct_ptemp(sts->hda_temp, buf1));
  sct_jtemp2(jref, "current", sts->hda_temp);
  jout("Power Cycle Min/Max Temperature:     %s/%s Celsius\n",
       (!old_format_2 ? sct_ptemp(sts->min_temp, buf1) : "--"),
       sct_ptemp(sts->max_temp, buf2));
  if (!old_format_2)
    sct_jtemp2(jref, "power_cycle_min", sts->min_temp);
  sct_jtemp2(jref, "power_cycle_max", sts->max_temp);
  jout("Lifetime    Min/Max Temperature:     %s/%s Celsius\n",
       (!old_format_2 ? sct_ptemp(sts->life_min_temp, buf1) : "--"),
       sct_ptemp(sts->life_max_temp, buf2));
  if (!old_format_2)
    sct_jtemp2(jref, "lifetime_min", sts->life_min_temp);
  sct_jtemp2(jref, "lifetime_max", sts->life_max_temp);
  if (old_format_2)
    return 0;

  if (sts->max_op_limit > 0)
  { // e06152r0-2: "Average Temperature"
    jout("Specified Max Operating Temperature:   %3d Celsius\n", sts->max_op_limit);
    sct_jtemp2(jref, "op_limit_max", sts->max_op_limit);
  }
  jout("Under/Over Temperature Limit Count:  %2u/%u\n",
       sts->under_limit_count, sts->over_limit_count);
  jref["temperature"]["under_limit_count"] = sts->under_limit_count;
  jref["temperature"]["over_limit_count"] = sts->over_limit_count;

  if (sts->smart_status)
  { // ACS-4
    int passed = (sts->smart_status == 0x2cf4 ? 0 : sts->smart_status == 0xc24f ? 1
                                                                                : -1);
    jout("SMART Status:                        0x%04x (%s)\n", sts->smart_status,
         (passed == 0 ? "FAILED" : passed > 0 ? "PASSED"
                                              : "Reserved"));
    if (passed >= 0)
    {
      jref["smart_status"]["passed"] = !!passed;
      jglb["smart_status"]["passed"] = !!passed;
    }
    else
      jref["smart_status"]["reserved_value"] = sts->smart_status;
  }

  if (sts->min_erc_time) // ACS-4
    pout("Minimum supported ERC Time Limit:    %d (%0.1f seconds)\n",
         sts->min_erc_time, sts->min_erc_time / 10.0);

  if (nonempty(sts->vendor_specific, sizeof(sts->vendor_specific)))
  {
    jout("Vendor specific:\n");
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < sizeof(sts->vendor_specific); i++)
    {
      jout("%02x%c", sts->vendor_specific[i], ((i & 0xf) != 0xf ? ' ' : '\n'));
      jref["vendor_specific"][i] = sts->vendor_specific[i];
    }
  }
  return 0;
}

// Print SCT Temperature History Table
static int ataPrintSCTTempHist(const ata_sct_temperature_history_table *tmh)
{
  json::ref jref = jglb["ata_sct_temperature_history"];

  char buf1[20], buf2[20], buf3[64];
  jout("SCT Temperature History Version:     %u%s\n", tmh->format_version,
       (tmh->format_version != 2 ? " (Unknown, should be 2)" : ""));
  jref["version"] = tmh->format_version;
  jout("Temperature Sampling Period:         %u minute%s\n",
       tmh->sampling_period, (tmh->sampling_period == 1 ? "" : "s"));
  jref["sampling_period_minutes"] = tmh->sampling_period;
  jout("Temperature Logging Interval:        %u minute%s\n",
       tmh->interval, (tmh->interval == 1 ? "" : "s"));
  jref["logging_interval_minutes"] = tmh->interval;

  jout("Min/Max recommended Temperature:     %s/%s Celsius\n",
       sct_ptemp(tmh->min_op_limit, buf1), sct_ptemp(tmh->max_op_limit, buf2));
  sct_jtemp2(jref, "op_limit_min", tmh->min_op_limit);
  sct_jtemp2(jref, "op_limit_max", tmh->max_op_limit);
  jout("Min/Max Temperature Limit:           %s/%s Celsius\n",
       sct_ptemp(tmh->under_limit, buf1), sct_ptemp(tmh->over_limit, buf2));
  sct_jtemp2(jref, "limit_min", tmh->under_limit);
  sct_jtemp2(jref, "limit_max", tmh->over_limit);
  jout("Temperature History Size (Index):    %u (%u)\n", tmh->cb_size, tmh->cb_index);
  jref["size"] = tmh->cb_size;
  jref["index"] = tmh->cb_index;

  if (!(0 < tmh->cb_size && tmh->cb_size <= sizeof(tmh->cb) && tmh->cb_index < tmh->cb_size))
  {
    if (!tmh->cb_size)
      pout("Temperature History is empty\n");
    else
      pout("Invalid Temperature History Size or Index\n");
    return 0;
  }

  // Print table
  jout("\nIndex    Estimated Time   Temperature Celsius\n");
  unsigned n = 0, i = (tmh->cb_index + 1) % tmh->cb_size;
  unsigned interval = (tmh->interval > 0 ? tmh->interval : 1);
  time_t t = time(0) - (time_t)(tmh->cb_size - 1) * interval * 60;
  t -= t % (interval * 60);
  while (n < tmh->cb_size)
  {
    // Find range of identical temperatures
    unsigned n1 = n, n2 = n + 1, i2 = (i + 1) % tmh->cb_size;
    while (n2 < tmh->cb_size && tmh->cb[i2] == tmh->cb[i])
    {
      n2++;
      i2 = (i2 + 1) % tmh->cb_size;
    }
    // Print range
    while (n < n2)
    {
      if (n == n1 || n == n2 - 1 || n2 <= n1 + 3)
      {
        // TODO: Don't print times < boot time
        char date[32] = "";
        struct tm tmbuf;
        strftime(date, sizeof(date), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M", time_to_tm_local(&tmbuf, t));
        jout(" %3u    %s    %s  %s\n", i, date,
             sct_ptemp(tmh->cb[i], buf1), sct_pbar(tmh->cb[i], buf3));
      }
      else if (n == n1 + 1)
      {
        jout(" ...    ..(%3u skipped).    ..  %s\n",
             n2 - n1 - 2, sct_pbar(tmh->cb[i], buf3));
      }
      if (tmh->cb[i] != -128)
        jref["table"][n] = tmh->cb[i];
      t += interval * 60;
      i = (i + 1) % tmh->cb_size;
      n++;
    }
  }
  // assert(n == tmh->cb_size && i == (tmh->cb_index+1) % tmh->cb_size);

  return 0;
}

// Print SCT Error Recovery Control timers
static void ataPrintSCTErrorRecoveryControl(bool set, unsigned short read_timer, unsigned short write_timer, bool power_on, bool mfg_default = false)
{
  const char *power_on_str = (power_on ? "Power-on " : "");
  json::ref jref = jglb["ata_sct_erc"];
  jout("SCT Error Recovery Control%s:%s\n", (set ? " set to" : ""), (mfg_default ? " default values." : ""));

  if (!mfg_default)
  {
    jref["read"]["enabled"] = !!read_timer;
    if (!read_timer)
      jout("           %sRead: Disabled\n", power_on_str);
    else
    {
      jout("           %sRead: %6d (%0.1f seconds)\n", power_on_str, read_timer, read_timer / 10.0);
      jref["read"]["deciseconds"] = read_timer;
    }

    jref["write"]["enabled"] = !!write_timer;
    if (!write_timer)
      jout("          %sWrite: Disabled\n", power_on_str);
    else
    {
      jout("          %sWrite: %6d (%0.1f seconds)\n", power_on_str, write_timer, write_timer / 10.0);
      jref["write"]["deciseconds"] = write_timer;
    }
  }
}

static void print_aam_level(const char *msg, int level, int recommended = -1)
{
  // Table 56 of T13/1699-D (ATA8-ACS) Revision 6a, September 6, 2008
  // Obsolete since T13/2015-D (ACS-2) Revision 4a, December 9, 2010
  const char *s;
  if (level == 0)
    s = "vendor specific";
  else if (level < 128)
    s = "unknown/retired";
  else if (level == 128)
    s = "quiet";
  else if (level < 254)
    s = "intermediate";
  else if (level == 254)
    s = "maximum performance";
  else
    s = "reserved";

  if (recommended >= 0)
    jout("%s%d (%s), recommended: %d\n", msg, level, s, recommended);
  else
    jout("%s%d (%s)\n", msg, level, s);

  json::ref jref = jglb["ata_aam"];
  jref["enabled"] = true;
  jref["level"] = level;
  jref["string"] = s;
  if (recommended >= 0)
    jref["recommended_level"] = recommended;
}

static void print_apm_level(const char *msg, int level)
{
  // Table 120 of T13/2015-D (ACS-2) Revision 7, June 22, 2011
  const char *s;
  if (!(1 <= level && level <= 254))
    s = "reserved";
  else if (level == 1)
    s = "minimum power consumption with standby";
  else if (level < 128)
    s = "intermediate level with standby";
  else if (level == 128)
    s = "minimum power consumption without standby";
  else if (level < 254)
    s = "intermediate level without standby";
  else
    s = "maximum performance";

  jout("%s%d (%s)\n", msg, level, s);

  json::ref jref = jglb["ata_apm"];
  jref["enabled"] = true;
  jref["level"] = level;
  jref["string"] = s;
  if (1 <= level && level <= 254)
  {
    jref["max_performance"] = (level == 254);
    jref["min_power"] = (level == 1 || level == 128);
    jref["with_standby"] = (level < 128);
  }
}

static void print_ata_security_status(const char *msg, unsigned short state)
{
  // Table 6 of T13/2015-D (ACS-2) Revision 7, June 22, 2011
  if (!(state & 0x0001))
  {
    pout("%sUnavailable\n", msg);
    return;
  }

  const char *s1, *s2 = "", *s3 = "", *s4 = "";
  bool enabled = false, locked = false;
  if (!(state & 0x0002))
  {
    s1 = "Disabled, ";
    if (!(state & 0x0008))
      s2 = "NOT FROZEN [SEC1]";
    else
      s2 = "frozen [SEC2]";
  }
  else
  {
    enabled = true;
    s1 = "ENABLED, PW level ";
    if (!(state & 0x0100))
      s2 = "HIGH";
    else
      s2 = "MAX";

    if (!(state & 0x0004))
    {
      s3 = ", not locked, ";
      if (!(state & 0x0008))
        s4 = "not frozen [SEC5]";
      else
        s4 = "frozen [SEC6]";
    }
    else
    {
      locked = true;
      s3 = ", **LOCKED** [SEC4]";
      if (state & 0x0010)
        s4 = ", PW ATTEMPTS EXCEEDED";
    }
  }

  jout("%s%s%s%s%s\n", msg, s1, s2, s3, s4);

  json::ref jref = jglb["ata_security"];
  jref["state"] = state;
  jref["string"] = strprintf("%s%s%s%s", s1, s2, s3, s4);
  jref["enabled"] = enabled;
  if (!enabled || !locked)
    jref["frozen"] = !!(state & 0x0008);
  if (enabled)
  {
    jref["pw_level_max"] = !!(state & 0x0100);
    jref["locked"] = locked;
    if (locked)
      jref["pw_attempts_exceeded"] = !!(state & 0x0010);
  }
}

static void print_standby_timer(const char *msg, int timer, const ata_identify_device &drive)
{
  const char *s1 = 0;
  int hours = 0, minutes = 0, seconds = 0;

  // Table 63 of T13/2015-D (ACS-2) Revision 7, June 22, 2011
  if (timer == 0)
    s1 = "disabled";
  else if (timer <= 240)
    seconds = timer * 5, minutes = seconds / 60, seconds %= 60;
  else if (timer <= 251)
    minutes = (timer - 240) * 30, hours = minutes / 60, minutes %= 60;
  else if (timer == 252)
    minutes = 21;
  else if (timer == 253)
    s1 = "between 8 hours and 12 hours";
  else if (timer == 255)
    minutes = 21, seconds = 15;
  else
    s1 = "reserved";

  const char *s2 = "", *s3 = "";
  if (!(drive.words047_079[49 - 47] & 0x2000))
    s2 = " or vendor-specific";
  if (timer > 0 && (drive.words047_079[50 - 47] & 0xc001) == 0x4001)
    s3 = ", a vendor-specific minimum applies";

  if (s1)
    pout("%s%d (%s%s%s)\n", msg, timer, s1, s2, s3);
  else
    pout("%s%d (%02d:%02d:%02d%s%s)\n", msg, timer, hours, minutes, seconds, s2, s3);
}

int ataPrintMain(ata_device *device, const ata_print_options &options)
{
  // If requested, check power mode first
  const char *powername = 0;
  bool powerchg = false;
  if (options.powermode)
  {
    unsigned char powerlimit = 0xff;
    int powermode = ataCheckPowerMode(device);
    // TODO: Move to new function used by smartctl and smartd.
    switch (powermode)
    {
    case -1:
      if (device->is_syscall_unsup())
      {
        if (options.powerexit_unsup >= 0)
        {
          jinf("CHECK POWER MODE not implemented, exit(%d)\n", options.powerexit_unsup);
          return options.powerexit_unsup;
        }
        jinf("CHECK POWER MODE not implemented, ignoring -n option\n");
        break;
      }
      powername = "SLEEP";
      powerlimit = 2;
      break;
    // Table 215 of T13/2015-D (ACS-2) Revision 7, June 22, 2011
    // Table 293 of T13/BSR INCITS 529 (ACS-4) Revision 12, February 18, 2016
    case 0x00: // PM2:Standby, EPC unavailable or Standby_z power condition
      powername = "STANDBY";
      powerlimit = 3;
      break;
    case 0x01: // PM2:Standby, Standby_y power condition
      powername = "STANDBY_Y";
      powerlimit = 3;
      break;
    case 0x80: // PM1:Idle, EPC unavailable
      powername = "IDLE";
      powerlimit = 4;
      break;
    case 0x81: // PM1:Idle, Idle_a power condition
      powername = "IDLE_A";
      powerlimit = 4;
      break;
    case 0x82: // PM1:Idle, Idle_b power condition
      powername = "IDLE_B";
      powerlimit = 4;
      break;
    case 0x83: // PM1:Idle, Idle_c power condition
      powername = "IDLE_C";
      powerlimit = 4;
      break;
    // 0x40/41 were declared obsolete in ACS-3 Revision 1
    case 0x40: // PM0:Active, NV Cache power mode enabled, spun down
      powername = "ACTIVE_NV_DOWN";
      break;
    case 0x41: // PM0:Active, NV Cache power mode enabled, spun up
      powername = "ACTIVE_NV_UP";
      break;
    case 0xff: // PM0:Active or PM1:Idle
      powername = "ACTIVE or IDLE";
      break;

    default:
      if (options.powerexit_unsup >= 0)
      {
        jinf("CHECK POWER MODE returned unknown value 0x%02x, exit(%d)\n", powermode,
             options.powerexit_unsup);
        return options.powerexit_unsup;
      }
      jinf("CHECK POWER MODE returned unknown value 0x%02x, ignoring -n option\n", powermode);
      break;
    }
    if (powername)
    {
      if (options.powermode >= powerlimit)
      {
        jinf("Device is in %s mode, exit(%d)\n", powername, options.powerexit);
        return options.powerexit;
      }
      powerchg = (powermode != 0xff); // SMART tests will spin up drives
    }
  }

  // SMART values needed ?
  bool need_smart_val = (options.smart_check_status || options.smart_general_values || options.smart_vendor_attrib || options.smart_error_log || options.smart_selftest_log || options.smart_selective_selftest_log || options.smart_ext_error_log || options.smart_ext_selftest_log || options.smart_auto_offl_enable || options.smart_auto_offl_disable || options.smart_selftest_type != -1);

  // SMART must be enabled ?
  bool need_smart_enabled = (need_smart_val || options.smart_auto_save_enable || options.smart_auto_save_disable);

  // SMART feature set needed ?
  bool need_smart_support = (need_smart_enabled || options.smart_enable || options.smart_disable);

  // SMART and GP log directories needed ?
  bool need_smart_logdir = (options.smart_logdir || options.devstat_all_pages // devstat fallback to smartlog if needed
                            || options.devstat_ssd_page || !options.devstat_pages.empty());

  bool need_gp_logdir = (options.gp_logdir || options.smart_ext_error_log || options.smart_ext_selftest_log || options.devstat_all_pages || options.devstat_ssd_page || !options.devstat_pages.empty() || options.pending_defects_log);

  unsigned i;
  for (i = 0; i < options.log_requests.size(); i++)
  {
    if (options.log_requests[i].gpl)
      need_gp_logdir = true;
    else
      need_smart_logdir = true;
  }

  // SCT commands needed ?
  bool need_sct_support = (options.sct_temp_sts || options.sct_temp_hist || options.sct_temp_int || options.sct_erc_get || options.sct_erc_set || options.sct_wcache_reorder_get || options.sct_wcache_reorder_set || options.sct_wcache_sct_get || options.sct_wcache_sct_set);

  // Exit if no further options specified
  if (!(options.drive_info || options.show_presets || need_smart_support || need_smart_logdir || need_gp_logdir || need_sct_support || options.sataphy || options.identify_word_level >= 0 || options.get_set_used))
  {
    if (powername)
      pout("Device is in %s mode\n", powername);
    else
      pout("ATA device successfully opened\n\n"
           "Use 'smartctl -a' (or '-x') to print SMART (and more) information\n\n");
    return 0;
  }

  // Start by getting Drive ID information.  We need this, to know if SMART is supported.
  int returnval = 0;
  ata_identify_device drive;
  memset(&drive, 0, sizeof(drive));
  unsigned char raw_drive[sizeof(drive)];
  memset(&raw_drive, 0, sizeof(raw_drive));

  device->clear_err();
  int retid = ata_read_identity(device, &drive, options.fix_swapped_id, raw_drive);
  if (retid < 0)
  {
    pout("Read Device Identity failed: %s\n\n",
         (device->get_errno() ? device->get_errmsg() : "Unknown error"));
    pout("If this is a USB connected device, look at the various "
         "--device=TYPE variants\n");
    failuretest(MANDATORY_CMD, returnval |= FAILID);
  }
  else if (!nonempty(&drive, sizeof(drive)))
  {
    pout("Read Device Identity failed: empty IDENTIFY data\n\n");
    failuretest(MANDATORY_CMD, returnval |= FAILID);
  }

  // If requested, show which presets would be used for this drive and exit.
  if (options.show_presets)
  {
    show_presets(&drive);
    return 0;
  }

  // Use preset vendor attribute options unless user has requested otherwise.
  ata_vendor_attr_defs attribute_defs = options.attribute_defs;
  firmwarebug_defs firmwarebugs = options.firmwarebugs;
  std::string dbversion;
  const drive_settings *dbentry = 0;
  if (!options.ignore_presets)
  {
    dbentry = lookup_drive_apply_presets(&drive, attribute_defs,
                                         firmwarebugs, dbversion);
    if (!dbversion.empty())
      jglb["smartctl"]["drive_database_version"]["string"] = dbversion;
  }

  // Get capacity, sector sizes and rotation rate
  ata_size_info sizes;
  ata_get_size_info(&drive, sizes);
  int rpm = ata_get_rotation_rate(&drive);

  // Print ATA IDENTIFY info if requested
  if (options.identify_word_level >= 0)
  {
    pout("=== ATA IDENTIFY DATA ===\n");
    // Pass raw data without endianness adjustments
    ata_print_identify_data(raw_drive, (options.identify_word_level > 0), options.identify_bit_level);
  }

  // Print most drive identity information if requested
  if (options.drive_info)
  {
    // pout("=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===\n");
    print_drive_info(&drive, sizes, rpm, dbentry, dbversion.c_str());
  }

  // Check and print SMART support and state
  int smart_supported = -1, smart_enabled = -1;
  if (need_smart_support || options.drive_info)
  {

    // Packet device ?
    if (retid > 0)
    {
      ;
      // pout("SMART support is: Unavailable - Packet Interface Devices [this device: %s] don't support ATA SMART\n",
      //      packetdevicetype(retid - 1));
    }
    else
    {
      // Disk device: SMART supported and enabled ?
      smart_supported = ataSmartSupport(&drive);
      smart_enabled = ataIsSmartEnabled(&drive);

      if (smart_supported < 0)
        ;// pout("SMART support is: Ambiguous - ATA IDENTIFY DEVICE words 82-83 don't show if SMART supported.\n");
      if (smart_supported && smart_enabled < 0)
      {
        // pout("SMART support is: Ambiguous - ATA IDENTIFY DEVICE words 85-87 don't show if SMART is enabled.\n");
        if (need_smart_support)
        {
          failuretest(MANDATORY_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
          // check SMART support by trying a command
          pout("                  Checking to be sure by trying SMART RETURN STATUS command.\n");
          if (ataDoesSmartWork(device))
            smart_supported = smart_enabled = 1;
        }
      }
      else if (smart_supported < 0 && (smart_enabled > 0 || dbentry))
        // Assume supported if enabled or in drive database
        smart_supported = 1;

      if (smart_supported < 0)
        ;// pout("SMART support is: Unknown - Try option -s with argument 'on' to enable it.");
      else if (!smart_supported)
        ;// jout("SMART support is: Unavailable - device lacks SMART capability.\n");
      else
      {
        if (options.drive_info)
          ;// jout("SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.\n");
        if (smart_enabled >= 0)
        {
          if (device->ata_identify_is_cached())
          {
            if (options.drive_info)
              pout("                  %sabled status cached by OS, trying SMART RETURN STATUS cmd.\n",
                   (smart_enabled ? "En" : "Dis"));
            smart_enabled = ataDoesSmartWork(device);
          }
          if (options.drive_info)
            ;// jout("SMART support is: %s\n",
            //      (smart_enabled ? "Enabled" : "Disabled"));
        }
      }
    }

    if (options.drive_info || smart_supported <= 0)
    {
      jglb["smart_support"]["available"] = (smart_supported > 0);
      if (smart_supported > 0)
        jglb["smart_support"]["enabled"] = (smart_enabled > 0);
    }
  }

  // Print AAM status
  if (options.get_aam)
  {
    if ((drive.command_set_2 & 0xc200) != 0x4200) // word083
      pout("AAM feature is:   Unavailable\n");
    else if (!(drive.word086 & 0x0200))
    {
      jout("AAM feature is:   Disabled\n");
      jglb["ata_aam"]["enabled"] = false;
    }
    else
      print_aam_level("AAM level is:     ", drive.words088_255[94 - 88] & 0xff,
                      drive.words088_255[94 - 88] >> 8);
  }

  // Print APM status
  if (options.get_apm)
  {
    if ((drive.command_set_2 & 0xc008) != 0x4008) // word083
      pout("APM feature is:   Unavailable\n");
    else if (!(drive.word086 & 0x0008))
    {
      jout("APM feature is:   Disabled\n");
      jglb["ata_apm"]["enabled"] = false;
    }
    else
      print_apm_level("APM level is:     ", drive.words088_255[91 - 88] & 0xff);
  }

  // Print read look-ahead status
  if (options.get_lookahead)
  {
    if ((drive.command_set_2 & 0xc000) != 0x4000 // word083
        || !(drive.command_set_1 & 0x0040))      // word082
      pout("Rd look-ahead is: Unavailable\n");
    else
    {
      bool enabled = !!(drive.cfs_enable_1 & 0x0040); // word085
      jout("Rd look-ahead is: %sabled\n", (enabled ? "En" : "Dis"));
      jglb["read_lookahead"]["enabled"] = enabled;
    }
  }

  // Print write cache status
  if (options.get_wcache)
  {
    if ((drive.command_set_2 & 0xc000) != 0x4000 // word083
        || !(drive.command_set_1 & 0x0020))      // word082
      pout("Write cache is:   Unavailable\n");
    else
    {
      bool enabled = !!(drive.cfs_enable_1 & 0x0020); // word085
      jout("Write cache is:   %sabled\n", (enabled ? "En" : "Dis"));
      jglb["write_cache"]["enabled"] = enabled;
    }
  }

  // Print DSN status
  unsigned short word120 = drive.words088_255[120 - 88];
  unsigned short word119 = drive.words088_255[119 - 88];
  if (options.get_dsn)
  {
    if (!(drive.word086 & 0x8000)          // word086
        || ((word119 & 0xc200) != 0x4200)  // word119
        || ((word120 & 0xc000) != 0x4000)) // word120
      pout("DSN feature is:   Unavailable\n");
    else
    {
      bool enabled = !!(word120 & 0x200);
      jout("DSN feature is:   %sabled\n", (enabled ? "En" : "Dis"));
      jglb["ata_dsn"]["enabled"] = enabled;
    }
  }

  // Check for ATA Security LOCK
  unsigned short word128 = drive.words088_255[128 - 88];
  bool locked = ((word128 & 0x0007) == 0x0007); // LOCKED|ENABLED|SUPPORTED

  // Print ATA Security status
  if (options.get_security)
    print_ata_security_status("ATA Security is:  ", word128);

  // Print write cache reordering status
  if (options.sct_wcache_reorder_get)
  {
    if (!isSCTFeatureControlCapable(&drive))
      pout("Wt Cache Reorder: Unavailable\n");
    else if (locked)
      pout("Wt Cache Reorder: Unknown (SCT not supported if ATA Security is LOCKED)\n");
    else
    {
      int wcache_reorder = ataGetSetSCTWriteCacheReordering(device,
                                                            false /*enable*/, false /*persistent*/, false /*set*/);

      if (-1 <= wcache_reorder && wcache_reorder <= 2)
        pout("Wt Cache Reorder: %s\n",
             (wcache_reorder == -1 ? "Unknown (SCT Feature Control command failed)" : wcache_reorder == 0 ? "Unknown"
                                                                                                          : // not defined in standard but returned on some drives if not set
                                                                                      wcache_reorder == 1 ? "Enabled"
                                                                                                          : "Disabled"));
      else
        pout("Wt Cache Reorder: Unknown (0x%02x)\n", wcache_reorder);
    }
  }

  const char *sct_write_cache_state_desc[4] = {
      "Unknown",           // 0: not defined in standard but returned on some drives if not set
      "Controlled by ATA", // 1: controlled ATA Set Features command
      "Force Enabled",     // 2
      "Force Disabled"     // 3
  };

  // Print SCT feature control of write cache
  if (options.sct_wcache_sct_get)
  {
    if (!isSCTFeatureControlCapable(&drive))
      pout("SCT Write Cache Control: Unavailable\n");
    else if (locked)
      pout("SCT Write Cache Control: Unknown (SCT not supported if ATA Security is LOCKED)\n");
    else
    {
      int state = ataGetSetSCTWriteCache(device, 1, false /*persistent*/, false /*set*/);
      if (-1 <= state && state <= 3)
        pout("SCT Write Cache Control: %s\n",
             (state == -1 ? "Unknown (SCT Feature Control command failed)" : sct_write_cache_state_desc[state]));
      else
        pout("SCT Write Cache Control: Unknown (0x%02x)\n", state);
    }
  }

  // Print remaining drive info
  if (options.drive_info)
  {
    // Print the (now possibly changed) power mode if available
    if (powername)
      pout("Power mode %s   %s\n", (powerchg ? "was:" : "is: "), powername);
    // pout("\n");
  }

  // Exit if SMART is not supported but must be available to proceed
  if (smart_supported <= 0 && need_smart_support)
    failuretest(MANDATORY_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);

  // START OF THE ENABLE/DISABLE SECTION OF THE CODE
  if (options.smart_disable || options.smart_enable || options.smart_auto_save_disable || options.smart_auto_save_enable || options.smart_auto_offl_disable || options.smart_auto_offl_enable || options.set_aam || options.set_apm || options.set_lookahead || options.set_wcache || options.set_security_freeze || options.set_standby || options.sct_wcache_reorder_set || options.sct_wcache_sct_set || options.set_dsn)
    pout("=== START OF ENABLE/DISABLE COMMANDS SECTION ===\n");

  // Enable/Disable AAM
  if (options.set_aam)
  {
    if (options.set_aam > 0)
    {
      if (!ata_set_features(device, ATA_ENABLE_AAM, options.set_aam - 1))
      {
        pout("AAM enable failed: %s\n", device->get_errmsg());
        returnval |= FAILSMART;
      }
      else
        print_aam_level("AAM set to level ", options.set_aam - 1);
    }
    else
    {
      if (!ata_set_features(device, ATA_DISABLE_AAM))
      {
        pout("AAM disable failed: %s\n", device->get_errmsg());
        returnval |= FAILSMART;
      }
      else
        pout("AAM disabled\n");
    }
  }

  // Enable/Disable APM
  if (options.set_apm)
  {
    if (options.set_apm > 0)
    {
      if (!ata_set_features(device, ATA_ENABLE_APM, options.set_apm - 1))
      {
        pout("APM enable failed: %s\n", device->get_errmsg());
        returnval |= FAILSMART;
      }
      else
        print_apm_level("APM set to level ", options.set_apm - 1);
    }
    else
    {
      if (!ata_set_features(device, ATA_DISABLE_APM))
      {
        pout("APM disable failed: %s\n", device->get_errmsg());
        returnval |= FAILSMART;
      }
      else
        pout("APM disabled\n");
    }
  }

  // Enable/Disable read look-ahead
  if (options.set_lookahead)
  {
    bool enable = (options.set_lookahead > 0);
    if (!ata_set_features(device, (enable ? ATA_ENABLE_READ_LOOK_AHEAD : ATA_DISABLE_READ_LOOK_AHEAD)))
    {
      pout("Read look-ahead %sable failed: %s\n", (enable ? "en" : "dis"), device->get_errmsg());
      returnval |= FAILSMART;
    }
    else
      pout("Read look-ahead %sabled\n", (enable ? "en" : "dis"));
  }

  // Enable/Disable write cache
  if (options.set_wcache)
  {
    bool enable = (options.set_wcache > 0);
    if (!ata_set_features(device, (enable ? ATA_ENABLE_WRITE_CACHE : ATA_DISABLE_WRITE_CACHE)))
    {
      pout("Write cache %sable failed: %s\n", (enable ? "en" : "dis"), device->get_errmsg());
      returnval |= FAILSMART;
    }
    else
      pout("Write cache %sabled\n", (enable ? "en" : "dis"));
  }

  // Enable/Disable DSN
  if (options.set_dsn)
  {
    bool enable = (options.set_dsn > 0);
    if (!ata_set_features(device, ATA_ENABLE_DISABLE_DSN, (enable ? 0x1 : 0x2)))
    {
      pout("DSN %sable failed: %s\n", (enable ? "en" : "dis"), device->get_errmsg());
      returnval |= FAILSMART;
    }
    else
      pout("DSN %sabled\n", (enable ? "en" : "dis"));
  }

  // Enable/Disable write cache reordering
  if (options.sct_wcache_reorder_set)
  {
    bool enable = (options.sct_wcache_reorder_set > 0);
    if (!isSCTFeatureControlCapable(&drive))
      pout("Write cache reordering %sable failed: SCT Feature Control command not supported\n",
           (enable ? "en" : "dis"));
    else if (locked)
      pout("Write cache reordering %sable failed: SCT not supported if ATA Security is LOCKED\n",
           (enable ? "en" : "dis"));
    else if (ataGetSetSCTWriteCacheReordering(device,
                                              enable, options.sct_wcache_reorder_set_pers, true /*set*/) < 0)
    {
      pout("Write cache reordering %sable failed: %s\n", (enable ? "en" : "dis"), device->get_errmsg());
      returnval |= FAILSMART;
    }
    else
      pout("Write cache reordering %sabled (%s)\n", (enable ? "en" : "dis"),
           (options.sct_wcache_reorder_set_pers ? "persistent" : "volatile"));
  }

  // Enable/Disable write cache in SCT
  if (options.sct_wcache_sct_set)
  {
    if (!isSCTFeatureControlCapable(&drive))
      pout("SCT Feature Control of write cache failed: SCT Feature Control command not supported\n");
    else if (locked)
      pout("SCT Feature Control of write cache failed: SCT not supported if ATA Security is LOCKED\n");
    else if (ataGetSetSCTWriteCache(device,
                                    options.sct_wcache_sct_set, options.sct_wcache_sct_set_pers, true /*set*/) < 0)
    {
      pout("SCT Feature Control of write cache failed: %s\n", device->get_errmsg());
      returnval |= FAILSMART;
    }
    else
      pout("Write cache SCT Feature Control is set to: %s (%s)\n",
           sct_write_cache_state_desc[options.sct_wcache_sct_set],
           (options.sct_wcache_sct_set_pers ? "persistent" : "volatile"));
  }

  // Freeze ATA security
  if (options.set_security_freeze)
  {
    if (!ata_nodata_command(device, ATA_SECURITY_FREEZE_LOCK))
    {
      pout("ATA SECURITY FREEZE LOCK failed: %s\n", device->get_errmsg());
      returnval |= FAILSMART;
    }
    else
      pout("ATA Security set to frozen mode\n");
  }

  // Set standby timer unless immediate standby is also requested
  if (options.set_standby && !options.set_standby_now)
  {
    if (!ata_nodata_command(device, ATA_IDLE, options.set_standby - 1))
    {
      pout("ATA IDLE command failed: %s\n", device->get_errmsg());
      returnval |= FAILSMART;
    }
    else
      print_standby_timer("Standby timer set to ", options.set_standby - 1, drive);
  }

  // Enable/Disable SMART commands
  if (options.smart_enable)
  {
    if (ataEnableSmart(device))
    {
      pout("SMART Enable failed: %s\n\n", device->get_errmsg());
      failuretest(MANDATORY_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
    }
    else
    {
      pout("SMART Enabled.\n");
      smart_enabled = 1;
    }
  }

  // Turn off SMART on device
  if (options.smart_disable)
  {
    if (ataDisableSmart(device))
    {
      pout("SMART Disable failed: %s\n\n", device->get_errmsg());
      failuretest(MANDATORY_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
    }
  }

  // Exit if SMART is disabled but must be enabled to proceed
  if (options.smart_disable || (smart_enabled <= 0 && need_smart_enabled && !is_permissive()))
  {
    pout("SMART Disabled. Use option -s with argument 'on' to enable it.\n");
    if (!options.smart_disable)
      pout("(override with '-T permissive' option)\n");
    return returnval;
  }

  // Enable/Disable Auto-save attributes
  if (options.smart_auto_save_enable)
  {
    if (ataEnableAutoSave(device))
    {
      pout("SMART Enable Attribute Autosave failed: %s\n\n", device->get_errmsg());
      failuretest(MANDATORY_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
    }
    else
      pout("SMART Attribute Autosave Enabled.\n");
  }

  if (options.smart_auto_save_disable)
  {
    if (ataDisableAutoSave(device))
    {
      pout("SMART Disable Attribute Autosave failed: %s\n\n", device->get_errmsg());
      failuretest(MANDATORY_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
    }
    else
      pout("SMART Attribute Autosave Disabled.\n");
  }

  // Read SMART values and thresholds if necessary
  ata_smart_values smartval;
  memset(&smartval, 0, sizeof(smartval));
  ata_smart_thresholds_pvt smartthres;
  memset(&smartthres, 0, sizeof(smartthres));
  bool smart_val_ok = false, smart_thres_ok = false;

  if (need_smart_val)
  {
    if (ataReadSmartValues(device, &smartval))
    {
      pout("Read SMART Data failed: %s\n\n", device->get_errmsg());
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
    }
    else
    {
      smart_val_ok = true;

      if (options.smart_check_status || options.smart_vendor_attrib)
      {
        if (ataReadSmartThresholds(device, &smartthres))
        {
          pout("Read SMART Thresholds failed: %s\n\n", device->get_errmsg());
          failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
        }
        else
          smart_thres_ok = true;
      }
    }
  }

  // Enable/Disable Off-line testing
  bool needupdate = false;
  if (options.smart_auto_offl_enable)
  {
    if (!isSupportAutomaticTimer(&smartval))
    {
      pout("SMART Automatic Timers not supported\n\n");
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
    }
    needupdate = smart_val_ok;
    if (ataEnableAutoOffline(device))
    {
      pout("SMART Enable Automatic Offline failed: %s\n\n", device->get_errmsg());
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
    }
    else
      pout("SMART Automatic Offline Testing Enabled every four hours.\n");
  }

  if (options.smart_auto_offl_disable)
  {
    if (!isSupportAutomaticTimer(&smartval))
    {
      pout("SMART Automatic Timers not supported\n\n");
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
    }
    needupdate = smart_val_ok;
    if (ataDisableAutoOffline(device))
    {
      pout("SMART Disable Automatic Offline failed: %s\n\n", device->get_errmsg());
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
    }
    else
      pout("SMART Automatic Offline Testing Disabled.\n");
  }

  if (needupdate && ataReadSmartValues(device, &smartval))
  {
    pout("Read SMART Data failed: %s\n\n", device->get_errmsg());
    failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
    smart_val_ok = false;
  }

  // all this for a newline!
  if (options.smart_disable || options.smart_enable || options.smart_auto_save_disable || options.smart_auto_save_enable || options.smart_auto_offl_disable || options.smart_auto_offl_enable || options.set_aam || options.set_apm || options.set_lookahead || options.set_wcache || options.set_security_freeze || options.set_standby || options.sct_wcache_reorder_set || options.set_dsn)
    // pout("\n");

  // START OF READ-ONLY OPTIONS APART FROM -V and -i
  if (options.smart_check_status || options.smart_general_values || options.smart_vendor_attrib || options.smart_error_log || options.smart_selftest_log || options.smart_selective_selftest_log || options.smart_ext_error_log || options.smart_ext_selftest_log || options.sct_temp_sts || options.sct_temp_hist)
    ;// pout("=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===\n");

  // Check SMART status
  if (options.smart_check_status)
  {

    switch (ataSmartStatus2(device))
    {

    case 0:
      // The case where the disk health is OK
      jout("SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED\n");
      jglb["smart_status"]["passed"] = true;
      if (smart_thres_ok && find_failed_attr(&smartval, &smartthres, attribute_defs, 0))
      {
        if (options.smart_vendor_attrib)
          pout("See vendor-specific Attribute list for marginal Attributes.\n\n");
        else
        {
          print_on();
          pout("Please note the following marginal Attributes:\n");
          PrintSmartAttribWithThres(&smartval, &smartthres, attribute_defs, rpm, 2, options.output_format);
        }
        returnval |= FAILAGE;
      }
      else
        // pout("\n");
      break;

    case 1:
      // The case where the disk health is NOT OK
      print_on();
      jout("SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: FAILED!\n"
           "Drive failure expected in less than 24 hours. SAVE ALL DATA.\n");
      jglb["smart_status"]["passed"] = false;
      print_off();
      if (smart_thres_ok && find_failed_attr(&smartval, &smartthres, attribute_defs, 1))
      {
        returnval |= FAILATTR;
        if (options.smart_vendor_attrib)
          pout("See vendor-specific Attribute list for failed Attributes.\n\n");
        else
        {
          print_on();
          pout("Failed Attributes:\n");
          PrintSmartAttribWithThres(&smartval, &smartthres, attribute_defs, rpm, 1, options.output_format);
        }
      }
      else
        pout("No failed Attributes found.\n\n");
      returnval |= FAILSTATUS;
      print_off();
      break;

    case -1:
    default:
      // Something went wrong with the SMART STATUS command.
      // The ATA SMART RETURN STATUS command provides the result in the ATA output
      // registers. Buggy ATA/SATA drivers and SAT Layers often do not properly
      // return the registers values.
      pout("SMART Status %s: %s\n",
           (device->is_syscall_unsup() ? "not supported" : "command failed"),
           device->get_errmsg());
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval | FAILSMART);
      if (!(device->is_syscall_unsup() && smart_val_ok && smart_thres_ok))
        returnval |= FAILSMART; // Unknown error or attribute check not possible

      if (!(smart_val_ok && smart_thres_ok))
      {
        print_on();
        pout("SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: UNKNOWN!\n"
             "SMART Status, Attributes and Thresholds cannot be read.\n\n");
      }
      else if (find_failed_attr(&smartval, &smartthres, attribute_defs, 1))
      {
        print_on();
        jout("SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: FAILED!\n"
             "Drive failure expected in less than 24 hours. SAVE ALL DATA.\n");
        jwrn("Warning: This result is based on an Attribute check.\n");
        jglb["smart_status"]["passed"] = false;
        print_off();
        returnval |= FAILATTR;
        returnval |= FAILSTATUS;
        if (options.smart_vendor_attrib)
          pout("See vendor-specific Attribute list for failed Attributes.\n\n");
        else
        {
          print_on();
          pout("Failed Attributes:\n");
          PrintSmartAttribWithThres(&smartval, &smartthres, attribute_defs, rpm, 1, options.output_format);
        }
      }
      else
      {
        jout("SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED\n");
        jwrn("Warning: This result is based on an Attribute check.\n");
        jglb["smart_status"]["passed"] = true;
        if (find_failed_attr(&smartval, &smartthres, attribute_defs, 0))
        {
          if (options.smart_vendor_attrib)
            pout("See vendor-specific Attribute list for marginal Attributes.\n\n");
          else
          {
            print_on();
            pout("Please note the following marginal Attributes:\n");
            PrintSmartAttribWithThres(&smartval, &smartthres, attribute_defs, rpm, 2, options.output_format);
          }
          returnval |= FAILAGE;
        }
        else
          ;// pout("\n");
      }
      print_off();
      break;
    } // end of switch statement

    print_off();
  } // end of checking SMART Status

  // Print general SMART values
  if (smart_val_ok && options.smart_general_values)
    PrintGeneralSmartValues(&smartval, &drive, firmwarebugs);

  // Print vendor-specific attributes
  if (smart_val_ok && options.smart_vendor_attrib)
  {
    print_on();
    PrintSmartAttribWithThres(&smartval, &smartthres, attribute_defs, rpm,
                              (printing_is_switchable ? 2 : 0), options.output_format);
    print_off();
  }

  // If GP Log is supported use smart log directory for
  // error and selftest log support check.
  bool gp_log_supported = isGeneralPurposeLoggingCapable(&drive);
  if (gp_log_supported && (options.smart_error_log || options.smart_selftest_log || options.retry_error_log || options.retry_selftest_log))
    need_smart_logdir = true;

  ata_smart_log_directory smartlogdir_buf, gplogdir_buf;
  const ata_smart_log_directory *smartlogdir = 0, *gplogdir = 0;

  // Read SMART Log directory
  if (need_smart_logdir)
  {
    if (firmwarebugs.is_set(BUG_NOLOGDIR))
      smartlogdir = fake_logdir(&smartlogdir_buf, options);
    else if (ataReadLogDirectory(device, &smartlogdir_buf, false))
    {
      pout("Read SMART Log Directory failed: %s\n\n", device->get_errmsg());
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
    }
    else
      smartlogdir = &smartlogdir_buf;
  }

  // Read GP Log directory
  if (need_gp_logdir)
  {
    if (firmwarebugs.is_set(BUG_NOLOGDIR))
      gplogdir = fake_logdir(&gplogdir_buf, options);
    else if (!gp_log_supported && !is_permissive())
    {
      if (options.gp_logdir)
        pout("General Purpose Log Directory not supported\n\n");
    }
    else if (ataReadLogDirectory(device, &gplogdir_buf, true))
    {
      pout("Read GP Log Directory failed\n\n");
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
    }
    else
      gplogdir = &gplogdir_buf;
  }

  // Print log directories
  if ((options.gp_logdir && gplogdir) || (options.smart_logdir && smartlogdir))
  {
    if (firmwarebugs.is_set(BUG_NOLOGDIR))
      pout("Log Directories not read due to '-F nologdir' option\n\n");
    else
      PrintLogDirectories(gplogdir, smartlogdir);
  }

  // Print log pages
  for (i = 0; i < options.log_requests.size(); i++)
  {
    const ata_log_request &req = options.log_requests[i];

    const char *type;
    unsigned max_nsectors;
    if (req.gpl)
    {
      type = "General Purpose";
      max_nsectors = GetNumLogSectors(gplogdir, req.logaddr, true);
    }
    else
    {
      type = "SMART";
      max_nsectors = GetNumLogSectors(smartlogdir, req.logaddr, false);
    }

    if (!max_nsectors)
    {
      if (!is_permissive())
      {
        pout("%s Log 0x%02x does not exist (override with '-T permissive' option)\n", type, req.logaddr);
        continue;
      }
      max_nsectors = req.page + 1;
    }
    if (max_nsectors <= req.page)
    {
      pout("%s Log 0x%02x has only %u sectors, output skipped\n", type, req.logaddr, max_nsectors);
      continue;
    }

    unsigned ns = req.nsectors;
    if (ns > max_nsectors - req.page)
    {
      if (req.nsectors != ~0U) // "FIRST-max"
        pout("%s Log 0x%02x has only %u sectors, output truncated\n", type, req.logaddr, max_nsectors);
      ns = max_nsectors - req.page;
    }

    // SMART log don't support sector offset, start with first sector
    unsigned offs = (req.gpl ? 0 : req.page);

    raw_buffer log_buf((offs + ns) * 512);
    bool ok;
    if (req.gpl)
      ok = ataReadLogExt(device, req.logaddr, 0x00, req.page, log_buf.data(), ns);
    else
      ok = ataReadSmartLog(device, req.logaddr, log_buf.data(), offs + ns);
    if (!ok)
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
    else
      PrintLogPages(type, log_buf.data() + offs * 512, req.logaddr, req.page, ns, max_nsectors);
  }

  // Print SMART Extendend Comprehensive Error Log
  bool do_smart_error_log = options.smart_error_log;
  if (options.smart_ext_error_log)
  {
    bool ok = false;
    unsigned nsectors = GetNumLogSectors(gplogdir, 0x03, true);
    if (!nsectors)
      pout("SMART Extended Comprehensive Error Log (GP Log 0x03) not supported\n\n");
    else
    {
      // Read only first sector to get error count and index
      // Print function will read more sectors as needed
      ata_smart_exterrlog log_03;
      memset(&log_03, 0, sizeof(log_03));
      if (!ataReadExtErrorLog(device, &log_03, 0, 1, firmwarebugs))
      {
        pout("Read SMART Extended Comprehensive Error Log failed\n\n");
        failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
      }
      else
      {
        if (PrintSmartExtErrorLog(device, firmwarebugs, &log_03, nsectors, options.smart_ext_error_log))
          returnval |= FAILERR;
        ok = true;
      }
    }

    if (!ok)
    {
      if (options.retry_error_log)
        do_smart_error_log = true;
      else if (!do_smart_error_log)
        pout("Try '-l [xerror,]error' to read traditional SMART Error Log\n");
    }
  }

  // Print SMART error log
  if (do_smart_error_log)
  {
    if (!(GetNumLogSectors(smartlogdir, 0x01, false) || (!(smartlogdir && gp_log_supported) && isSmartErrorLogCapable(&smartval, &drive)) || is_permissive()))
    {
      pout("SMART Error Log not supported\n\n");
    }
    else
    {
      ata_smart_errorlog smarterror;
      memset(&smarterror, 0, sizeof(smarterror));
      if (ataReadErrorLog(device, &smarterror, firmwarebugs))
      {
        pout("Read SMART Error Log failed: %s\n\n", device->get_errmsg());
        failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
      }
      else
      {
        // quiet mode is turned on inside PrintSmartErrorLog()
        if (PrintSmartErrorlog(&smarterror, firmwarebugs))
          returnval |= FAILERR;
        print_off();
      }
    }
  }

  // Print SMART Extendend Self-test Log
  bool do_smart_selftest_log = options.smart_selftest_log;
  if (options.smart_ext_selftest_log)
  {
    bool ok = false;
    unsigned nsectors = GetNumLogSectors(gplogdir, 0x07, true);
    if (!nsectors)
      pout("SMART Extended Self-test Log (GP Log 0x07) not supported\n\n");
    else if (nsectors >= 256)
      pout("SMART Extended Self-test Log size %u not supported\n\n", nsectors);
    else
    {
      raw_buffer log_07_buf(nsectors * 512);
      ata_smart_extselftestlog *log_07 = reinterpret_cast<ata_smart_extselftestlog *>(log_07_buf.data());
      if (!ataReadExtSelfTestLog(device, log_07, nsectors))
      {
        pout("Read SMART Extended Self-test Log failed\n\n");
        failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
      }
      else
      {
        if (PrintSmartExtSelfTestLog(log_07, nsectors, options.smart_ext_selftest_log))
          returnval |= FAILLOG;
        ok = true;
      }
    }

    if (!ok)
    {
      if (options.retry_selftest_log)
        do_smart_selftest_log = true;
      else if (!do_smart_selftest_log)
        pout("Try '-l [xselftest,]selftest' to read traditional SMART Self Test Log\n");
    }
  }

  // Print SMART self-test log
  if (do_smart_selftest_log)
  {
    if (!(GetNumLogSectors(smartlogdir, 0x06, false) || (!(smartlogdir && gp_log_supported) && isSmartTestLogCapable(&smartval, &drive)) || is_permissive()))
    {
      pout("SMART Self-test Log not supported\n\n");
    }
    else
    {
      ata_smart_selftestlog smartselftest;
      memset(&smartselftest, 0, sizeof(smartselftest));
      if (ataReadSelfTestLog(device, &smartselftest, firmwarebugs))
      {
        pout("Read SMART Self-test Log failed: %s\n\n", device->get_errmsg());
        failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
      }
      else
      {
        print_on();
        if (ataPrintSmartSelfTestlog(&smartselftest, !printing_is_switchable, firmwarebugs))
          returnval |= FAILLOG;
        print_off();
        // pout("\n");
      }
    }
  }

  // Print SMART selective self-test log
  if (options.smart_selective_selftest_log)
  {
    ata_selective_self_test_log log;

    if (!isSupportSelectiveSelfTest(&smartval))
      pout("Selective Self-tests/Logging not supported\n\n");
    else if (ataReadSelectiveSelfTestLog(device, &log))
    {
      pout("Read SMART Selective Self-test Log failed: %s\n\n", device->get_errmsg());
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
    }
    else
    {
      print_on();
      // If any errors were found, they are logged in the SMART Self-test log.
      // So there is no need to print the Selective Self Test log in silent
      // mode.
      if (!printing_is_switchable)
        ataPrintSelectiveSelfTestLog(&log, &smartval);
      print_off();
      // pout("\n");
    }
  }

  // Check if SCT commands available
  bool sct_ok = isSCTCapable(&drive);
  if (options.sct_temp_sts || options.sct_temp_hist || options.sct_temp_int || options.sct_erc_get || options.sct_erc_set)
  {
    if (!sct_ok)
      pout("SCT Commands not supported\n\n");
    else if (locked)
    {
      pout("SCT Commands not supported if ATA Security is LOCKED\n\n");
      sct_ok = false;
    }
  }

  // Print SCT status and temperature history table
  if (sct_ok && (options.sct_temp_sts || options.sct_temp_hist || options.sct_temp_int))
  {
    for (;;)
    {
      bool sct_temp_hist_ok = isSCTDataTableCapable(&drive);
      ata_sct_status_response sts;

      if (options.sct_temp_sts || (options.sct_temp_hist && sct_temp_hist_ok))
      {
        // Read SCT status
        if (ataReadSCTStatus(device, &sts))
        {
          // pout("\n");
          failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
          break;
        }
        if (options.sct_temp_sts)
        {
          ataPrintSCTStatus(&sts);
          // pout("\n");
        }
      }

      if (!sct_temp_hist_ok && (options.sct_temp_hist || options.sct_temp_int))
      {
        pout("SCT Data Table command not supported\n\n");
        failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
        break;
      }

      if (options.sct_temp_hist)
      {
        // Read SCT temperature history,
        // requires initial SCT status from above
        ata_sct_temperature_history_table tmh;
        if (ataReadSCTTempHist(device, &tmh, &sts))
        {
          pout("Read SCT Temperature History failed\n\n");
          failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
          break;
        }
        ataPrintSCTTempHist(&tmh);
        // pout("\n");
      }

      if (options.sct_temp_int)
      {
        // Set new temperature logging interval
        if (!isSCTFeatureControlCapable(&drive))
        {
          pout("SCT Feature Control command not supported\n\n");
          failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
          break;
        }
        if (ataSetSCTTempInterval(device, options.sct_temp_int, options.sct_temp_int_pers))
        {
          pout("Write Temperature Logging Interval failed\n\n");
          failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
          break;
        }
        pout("Temperature Logging Interval set to %u minute%s (%s)\n",
             options.sct_temp_int, (options.sct_temp_int == 1 ? "" : "s"),
             (options.sct_temp_int_pers ? "persistent" : "volatile"));
      }
      break;
    }
  }

  // SCT Error Recovery Control
  if (sct_ok && (options.sct_erc_get || options.sct_erc_set))
  {
    if (!isSCTErrorRecoveryControlCapable(&drive))
    {
      pout("SCT Error Recovery Control command not supported\n\n");
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
    }
    else
    {
      int sct_erc_get = options.sct_erc_get;
      if (options.sct_erc_set)
      {
        // Set SCT Error Recovery Control
        bool set_power_on = (options.sct_erc_set == 2), mfg_default = (options.sct_erc_set == 3);
        if (ataSetSCTErrorRecoveryControltime(device, 1, options.sct_erc_readtime, set_power_on, mfg_default) || ataSetSCTErrorRecoveryControltime(device, 2, options.sct_erc_writetime, set_power_on, mfg_default))
        {
          pout("SCT (Set) Error Recovery Control command failed\n");
          if (!((options.sct_erc_readtime == 70 && options.sct_erc_writetime == 70) || (options.sct_erc_readtime == 0 && options.sct_erc_writetime == 0)))
            pout("Retry with: 'scterc,70,70' to enable ERC or 'scterc,0,0' to disable\n");
          failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
          sct_erc_get = 0;
        }
        else if (!sct_erc_get)
          ataPrintSCTErrorRecoveryControl(true, options.sct_erc_readtime,
                                          options.sct_erc_writetime, set_power_on, mfg_default);
      }

      if (sct_erc_get)
      {
        // Print SCT Error Recovery Control
        bool get_power_on = (sct_erc_get == 2);
        unsigned short read_timer, write_timer;
        if (ataGetSCTErrorRecoveryControltime(device, 1, read_timer, get_power_on) || ataGetSCTErrorRecoveryControltime(device, 2, write_timer, get_power_on))
        {
          pout("SCT (Get) Error Recovery Control command failed\n");
          if (options.sct_erc_set == sct_erc_get)
          {
            pout("The previous SCT (Set) Error Recovery Control command succeeded\n");
            ataPrintSCTErrorRecoveryControl(true, options.sct_erc_readtime,
                                            options.sct_erc_writetime, get_power_on);
          }
          failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
        }
        else
          ataPrintSCTErrorRecoveryControl(false, read_timer, write_timer, get_power_on);
      }
      // pout("\n");
    }
  }

  // Print Device Statistics
  if (options.devstat_all_pages || options.devstat_ssd_page || !options.devstat_pages.empty())
  {
    bool use_gplog = true;
    unsigned nsectors = 0;
    if (gplogdir)
      nsectors = GetNumLogSectors(gplogdir, 0x04, true);
    else if (smartlogdir)
    { // for systems without ATA_READ_LOG_EXT
      nsectors = GetNumLogSectors(smartlogdir, 0x04, false);
      use_gplog = false;
    }
    if (!nsectors)
      pout("Device Statistics (GP/SMART Log 0x04) not supported\n\n");
    else if (!print_device_statistics(device, nsectors, options.devstat_pages,
                                      options.devstat_all_pages, options.devstat_ssd_page, use_gplog))
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
  }

  // Print Pending Defects log
  if (options.pending_defects_log)
  {
    unsigned nsectors = GetNumLogSectors(gplogdir, 0x0c, true);
    if (!nsectors)
      pout("Pending Defects log (GP Log 0x0c) not supported\n\n");
    else if (!print_pending_defects_log(device, nsectors, options.pending_defects_log))
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
  }

  // Print SATA Phy Event Counters
  if (options.sataphy)
  {
    unsigned nsectors = GetNumLogSectors(gplogdir, 0x11, true);
    // Packet interface devices do not provide a log directory, check support bit
    if (!nsectors && (drive.words047_079[76 - 47] & 0x0401) == 0x0400)
      nsectors = 1;
    if (!nsectors)
      pout("SATA Phy Event Counters (GP Log 0x11) not supported\n\n");
    else if (nsectors != 1)
      pout("SATA Phy Event Counters with %u sectors not supported\n\n", nsectors);
    else
    {
      unsigned char log_11[512] = {
          0,
      };
      unsigned char features = (options.sataphy_reset ? 0x01 : 0x00);
      if (!ataReadLogExt(device, 0x11, features, 0, log_11, 1))
      {
        pout("Read SATA Phy Event Counters failed\n\n");
        failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
      }
      else
        PrintSataPhyEventCounters(log_11, options.sataphy_reset);
    }
  }

  // Set to standby (spindown) mode and set standby timer if not done above
  // (Above commands may spinup drive)
  if (options.set_standby_now)
  {
    if (options.set_standby)
    {
      if (!ata_nodata_command(device, ATA_STANDBY, options.set_standby - 1))
      {
        pout("ATA STANDBY command failed: %s\n", device->get_errmsg());
        returnval |= FAILSMART;
      }
      else
      {
        print_standby_timer("Standby timer set to ", options.set_standby - 1, drive);
        pout("Device placed in STANDBY mode\n");
      }
    }
    else
    {
      if (!ata_nodata_command(device, ATA_STANDBY_IMMEDIATE))
      {
        pout("ATA STANDBY IMMEDIATE command failed: %s\n", device->get_errmsg());
        returnval |= FAILSMART;
      }
      else
        pout("Device placed in STANDBY mode\n");
    }
  }

  // START OF THE TESTING SECTION OF THE CODE.  IF NO TESTING, RETURN
  if (!smart_val_ok || options.smart_selftest_type == -1)
    return returnval;

  pout("=== START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION ===\n");
  // if doing a self-test, be sure it's supported by the hardware
  switch (options.smart_selftest_type)
  {
  case OFFLINE_FULL_SCAN:
    if (!isSupportExecuteOfflineImmediate(&smartval))
    {
      pout("Execute Offline Immediate function not supported\n\n");
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
    }
    break;
  case ABORT_SELF_TEST:
  case SHORT_SELF_TEST:
  case EXTEND_SELF_TEST:
  case SHORT_CAPTIVE_SELF_TEST:
  case EXTEND_CAPTIVE_SELF_TEST:
    if (!isSupportSelfTest(&smartval))
    {
      pout("Self-test functions not supported\n\n");
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
    }
    break;
  case CONVEYANCE_SELF_TEST:
  case CONVEYANCE_CAPTIVE_SELF_TEST:
    if (!isSupportConveyanceSelfTest(&smartval))
    {
      pout("Conveyance Self-test functions not supported\n\n");
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
    }
    break;
  case SELECTIVE_SELF_TEST:
  case SELECTIVE_CAPTIVE_SELF_TEST:
    if (!isSupportSelectiveSelfTest(&smartval))
    {
      pout("Selective Self-test functions not supported\n\n");
      failuretest(MANDATORY_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
    }
    break;
  default:
    break; // Vendor specific type
  }

  // Now do the test.  Note ataSmartTest prints its own error/success
  // messages
  if (ataSmartTest(device, options.smart_selftest_type, options.smart_selftest_force,
                   options.smart_selective_args, &smartval, sizes.sectors))
    failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
  else
  {
    // Tell user how long test will take to complete.  This is tricky
    // because in the case of an Offline Full Scan, the completion
    // timer is volatile, and needs to be read AFTER the command is
    // given. If this will interrupt the Offline Full Scan, we don't
    // do it, just warn user.
    if (options.smart_selftest_type == OFFLINE_FULL_SCAN)
    {
      if (isSupportOfflineAbort(&smartval))
        pout("Note: giving further SMART commands will abort Offline testing\n");
      else if (ataReadSmartValues(device, &smartval))
      {
        pout("Read SMART Data failed: %s\n\n", device->get_errmsg());
        failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval |= FAILSMART);
      }
    }

    // Now say how long the test will take to complete
    int timewait = TestTime(&smartval, options.smart_selftest_type);
    if (timewait)
    {
      time_t t = time(NULL);
      if (options.smart_selftest_type == OFFLINE_FULL_SCAN)
      {
        t += timewait;
        pout("Please wait %d seconds for test to complete.\n", (int)timewait);
      }
      else
      {
        t += timewait * 60;
        pout("Please wait %d minutes for test to complete.\n", (int)timewait);
      }
      char comptime[DATEANDEPOCHLEN];
      dateandtimezoneepoch(comptime, t);
      pout("Test will complete after %s\n", comptime);

      if (options.smart_selftest_type != SHORT_CAPTIVE_SELF_TEST && options.smart_selftest_type != EXTEND_CAPTIVE_SELF_TEST && options.smart_selftest_type != CONVEYANCE_CAPTIVE_SELF_TEST && options.smart_selftest_type != SELECTIVE_CAPTIVE_SELF_TEST)
        pout("Use smartctl -X to abort test.\n");
    }
  }

  return returnval;
}
